Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law abou;m3 lncx3 f,musiv*. at “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservatio ,a lunvfxs3;m3cm.*in law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system fo:7omd4 ktvr,zllow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at onem7t4 okrv, :dz focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to tgo qoxs :+ssh)hi/5m;he force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance5x+hms h):/oosqg;si between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other witb+ d5y r/6 galw2 yn7t 1oy2a/zbbtzx-h a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance between them is doubled?z bdywy 5l/tx+toagzb2b n-y27r 16 /a

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X andY, have th-v9jn a +vbdp-e same uniform density. Planet X has twiv- vpnj +-ba9dce the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, hqjhcudr,-dkre.r o *wp+:k 3(ave the same uniform density. Planet X has twice thed.(kwrk*cqe+o, j:ud hp3r- r radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be c kwqq4yprem(f9;/l )galculated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force ol9q4egwp r(f ymqk/ ;)n the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Eara (b-2xn;si iee9l wdj7328znk/ fahnth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closesa9j indaz h/7n2se blk;3wi(x28fne -t to which of the following?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.30: Considering only the Moon-Eartx9jfzba n7sa (mv9 vp dkjz86 s3l*c99h system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best e xvl dszk7f 9pb(va8jm* 99cs6nj9za 3xpresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with avq vaer-g:q-+6p6eg p cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitatio6 g+ga--vq6 e:qeppvr nal force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the samec 8ybi(pjpq rh0*mk v .7hvd-ej3x9d; gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a re-bvjdihv p *.(yhkm 3c;7pj0 edxr89qasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object(d :y(podc sxv +k27ey4xul0l that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to 2k( du x 4yx7d+poselvyc( 0l:the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the mass of Earth +3f i(ukx hnx816pxf fand twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surfa68fh +ifx(1kpnu x3fx ce of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius o upn;yz(f48wqxj)thv )ic b uz1v u*35ne-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is most neav8vu(zfnq4iujycp 5h;z u3 bw1 *)) xtrly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbi-ogw wzef5,ie)-y70 w5sb ndzt with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of eg nib7-sow 55z)w, d-0 ezwfyorbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with ; q4sld,zaw4(fk k0pn mass one-half the mass of our sun. The fp4k zs w(d 0l4,;qnakplanet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put int4x rz(ul)e iux0mm65 fo circular orbit at the same altitude above i( f0r4z)xluum5 6exm Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a cm t54f2mei:9iquk u s.r uwh;5pz+:diircular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers to the force aym* 8 h6wx6c qm3u6mdx scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, bud8uxcm w*3 h m6m6x6yqt not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comejjbf29n+tip(o4vx* zy/ g v/vb f1l9 ct moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), whicif4xy1 p9v2bl(f bgtn+9cj / * ovj/vzh of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow circular o6g: 9,yneu2orkgcw k /rbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbier gk/2 y g9:ockn,6wutal period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital radius Rm ,ke2jse(c)ynun,f9v z9.m t around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly appycfs,jevu 29(),nm9.k z em tnlied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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