Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law abj8 k4pcj+0n+ izd9:x omhp-8 to iso.sout “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most dio+sit 9.:io +jpcpns-zxod k048jh m8rectly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow ellij04j(j tkjjh5 ss/gz ,+um8dwptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the 5zjdwjs +j m/,jhuks t(8gj04ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of gravitat00 m(itvmu(bw-d v e;pv a2;flional attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance bpf-i0u(t m mvb;d(ev2 avl; w0etween their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies atp )kmwtn2;zzjc8n t0be bf*4- tract each other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance bepzwcbefn 2)tn0- ;tk8bm* zj4 tween them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-r.ubfk j3:, z1szk+7kb,w kdq rotating planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radi+kz.jb wk,sbk rkfdz17:, uq3us of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planetsu yf(;jgbl0ob6/ w4yu , X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radiu(yb6lo0u g /yfj ubw;4s of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a 3 , ( lrkh :d(hb)c3htrs0wrvv small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force o:hs3rth( ) br3rk,v(chv l 0dwn the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a gravitational foun )c7sd cs927le;vhjrce F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famo7u c7 l9c) se2v;nsjhdus second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of the Sun),l2:(jpno ) drl which one of thel(o2n:jr d )pl following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away frq wy7k8kr*cf jgid f;0jd 9:a5om the earth with a cargo for the international space station, which of the following graphs would 5wkfqfy;9d0 i 8:c7d ja krj*gbest represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surfaceo a8fgq 7rn epte1m.*5 of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusior*ea g 58ne7fqm1po. tn?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a pu2o*r/s)ki 9dk:zqr jj9 b h)mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest t)sdj k : jqo)zk29priu /*rbh9o the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the massim. qqb/ b )/,yas*/haahplo7u uw i19 of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitudpbo bhuaa/uqiy wamh *9//lq,7si1 ) .e of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-hamt r;rbgjo23w(w;lc, :+rps9v r:pmt lf that of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleratiowspwrlg2r(pb,3:m o9r ;ct+m; tjr:v n at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a constaz -pemc ;j0lk/nt speed of 5,000m/s. The pmzc ;l-j/0 keradius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical plv)(7( a)oienv:d bku2p, dz a7v (gslwanet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earg ) (dowvsbda zvp7e)2n7(u(k iv, :alth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites q9 ;*uuwdg-sj, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is t ;jsgdw*-quu 9he period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orb1g vfan 4uzhb1 i33oo:it around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the lqz4udsck4 f z,pv5c,(d r:f)word “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop5df,v zr)4fc4 lu( kcqz:, spd rotating, but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. o+c;jhf5jj1f 4vkd wre+3e 85+rrfgx As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which5kfwh+4c5 + fjo;g3r1x drfeje r+ 8vj of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two starszlp5 v9y.13 gdnzsx71x 7re qt follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is larnx5zxlr13evq9 71tgdy zp7. sge compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R around ij 8qq1khx w-j;u; (dawd az.dh0:d)p a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major zw;aj d d; ) q hq0xuphwj.k:d(-18idaaxis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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