What property of water helps living organisms maintain their int- - arayysbf9 b1i,m-cernal body temperati-sybyf-,-b 1 maarc9ure?

  Which of the followivdt25 /;wbqdlg-s bpr63 . zldng is not soluble in water?

  What substances are attracted to water and form intermolecul1mktlcjl5. 9atna* , 5uen0wzar bonds with water moleculesa 5z,lk0luwmj.9 encn t1ta 5*?

  Which of the following is a rv gsm61 x*pvz/eason for the retention of water on Earth?

  What is the most accepted theory for the origin of :/cu0n8phhwe water on Earth?

  What intermolecular bond is responsible for water's cohesive4d mtf+ mdj4us.mz8k4, adhesive and thermal ps4+dj 84 fmt4z mudm.kroperties?

1.Outline how hydrogen bonds forji3pnh*j+hr1yt .1 zom between water molecules.

2.State one of the ways how hydrophilic substances interact with water.

3.State one of the ways how non-polar molecules interact with water.

4.Distinguish cohesion and adhesion.

  Which property of water enabl6ij1ow(imr 0i 6c7rgt ;6ygl)x tlb8z es marine animals such as the ringed seal (Pusa hispida) to stay afloat in water withouto cz wmjx; rr)(l0it71t 66gi6b8lyi g expending large amounts of energy?

  The cohesive and adhesive prope :xv+xl:x dbz-rties of water allow xylem vessels to transport wlxz v:d -+:bxxater inside plants.

Which of the following are correct descriptions of how these properties are related to water transport in plants?

  Which of the following is a reason that the Earu7 m-6aoyg+ fqth is considered to be in ‘The Goldil+-m y6ou7qf agocks zone’, but Saturn is not?

  Which of the following statements about the dipolariz4 j ekya:;zs,ggyt*- e0y6hyty of the water molecule are true?:,yjgst*ze6y0y hk;y4-eag z
I. Oxygen attracts the shared electrons stronger than hydrogen.
II.Hydrogen atoms are partially negative.
III.The shared electrons spend more time closer to oxygen.

  Which of the following is not a reason thatkvkb41;2czi ewojrd ju3p3 : 3 scientists look for the presence of water on planets as a sign of i 2 3dp ejw;jcozbk1:33u4kvrextraterrestrial life?

  Which term to describe a property of water imo4,c.rl nmx5ak 5n: cs matched to its correct definition? 4,o n5cac5 kxmnr:lm.

  The image shows a wath:ll:nh ppn+i+e8y,fer strider (G. lacustris) on the surface of a pond. What property of water nehlp++ n: plih8: ,fyis not depicted in the image?

Below is a picture of a water strider (Gerris .awrge x;2t t8sp.).


1.Explain why the water strider (Gerris sp.) does not sink.
2.Describe, using an example, the importance of water as a solvent in living organisms.

The image shows a ringed seal (Pusa hispidaydum63(j s(aa c bv5b)kz y6t:) that lives in the Arctic Sea.


1.Distinguish between the physical properties of air and water that allow the seal to mostly live in the sea.
2.Ringed seals glide into the water head first from ice shelves, rather like humans diving into a pool head first. Explain the advantage of entering the water in this way rather than ‘belly-flopping’ into the water.

  An investigation was carried oub,: nm /ynlp5ft into the effects of household detergents on aquatic habitats. Scientists tested the effect of different household detergents on the surface tension of water in ordemy:np /l5bf,nr to better understand the impact they may have on organisms living on the surface.

A paper clip was folded slightly on one side and rested on the surface of the water, maintained at a constant temperature and contained within a water tank. Drops of detergent solution were slowly added to the water tank until the paperclip sank to the bottom. The volume of detergent solution taken to sink the paperclip was recorded.

Detergent solutions were made by adding 5 ml of detergent to 15 ml of water.


1.Describe the relationship between the volume of detergent solution added and the surface tension of water.

2.1.For the Easy Clean detergent, calculate the mean number of drops of detergent needed to sink the paper clip.
Mean =  ml
2.2.Estimate how many drops of Easy Clean detergent solution it would take to sink 5 paper clips.

3.1.State one variable, other than those given, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve a valid result.
3.2.Suggest one method that could be used to keep the water at a constant temperature.
3.3.Explain the importance of maintaining water at a constant temperature.
3.4.Identify one potential source of error in the methodology.
4.Suggest why different numbers of drops of detergent solution were needed to sink the paperclip between each type of detergent.

  Which of the following is not a real-life example of adh7cfyjkn+a/8 u e8qve5 esion?

The image shows a cross-section of the vascular ieysw9(09nl hw4v .pgtissue of a woody dicot stem, showing the annual rings eyg 0nw 9h 4lvisw(.p9of phloem and xylem.


Explain how the properties of water allow it to be transported in the xylem.
Describe a physical property of water, other than those that are important for the movement of water through the plant, that makes water essential for the survival of plants.
Outline why plants cannot use water to transport lipids.
If the temperature drops to -1$^{\circ}$ for a few hours suggest a reason why the water in xylem may not freeze.

  The black-throated loon (Gavia arctr, j.5grp+zf xica) is a bird that lives near large bodies of water in cold climates. Which of the following is a correct description of how the properties of water may make winter temperatures more moderate for the black-thrz x,pjf5.+ rgroated loon?

  Which of the following statement(s) about the role of water as a solvetc 1t:5rrv xc op*/oo8nt is correct?5t:8/c c o1voxtpr *or

I. Salt can dissolve in water because it is hydrophilic
II. Lipids cannot dissolve in water because they are non-polar
III. Cellulose can dissolve in water, as it is able to form hydrogen bonds

  The micrograph below shows the longitudinal cross-sect 7 1n+3g6l4pzkqqinffion of a stem from a plant in the Pinus genus. Xylem vessels ar3+4 pkl fgqfqn 71i6nze clearly visible.


The xylem is composed of hollow, tube-like tissues that transport water through capillary action. What property of water explains capillary action?

The diagram shows a sox8olb8ge fi: xu1i frp6(6y )plar system very similar to ours, where five planets orbit a centixuof6 y1pip868xg)e: (rlbfral star.


1.Define the term “Goldilocks zone”.

2.1.Label with the letter R the planet that is least likely to have extraterrestrial life present.

2.2Explain reasons for your answer to part (i).

3.1.Some of the planets in this solar system have water present on them. Suggest where this water might have come from.

3.2.Explain why the planets referred to in part (i) have retained water, whereas others in this solar system have not.

4.Suggest one other biological molecule, other than water, that may be a sign of life on a planet.

  Which of the following statements explains how water has facilitated the/k9n061c zdfcrj ; vec evolution of life on Eart/nek 9rfc0d1jz v;c6c h?