The three common phases of matteqk0. m:h p6sdh svx:y4tv2t y+ +(kvxir are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density 8p9o vvb 39)5tf aup6xsq;sl; nn7qrg3lba3wof $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following sdm7pb.6k c:s - s;katis not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All tz.dxmugbbek/i y)r3 s.djrhm0.8o 7-hree have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than -g/re zdr 3b7k si8.b.d). mu jm0hxyoA. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and *5s wbg9g s ;6 yzf,,v(ne*cz ll3xwvzoutside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pre* wzdx9 7lpm+d(l)vtu ssure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottovulx7dtzd +m( )w9*p lm of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool./wpnbc0fm2v+cmu 4* q If you dive to 2.0 m beneath bn*420+cmp uwq cfmv/the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princi wf4e+) vhk(takvv5m4 ple.

State Archimedes' pr+j 5a)q wrsoz3vs9 ql8inciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what hap3 cmn)x)4 jmr- -:kua9hffuj vpens to the buoyanmf3kjcx:-am 4 u n-)ur9jvf)h t force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in bot18c xvt8mqx/s h fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greax8 mctq1x8s/ vter on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in bory3mu.is+o 1jl.pu x2,tty50gg /qoo th fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in i lx,t mog/j1toy.pu2 q.0+5oy grsu3 the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the bhpuv6 -g3s6g dgr e(t6zu9m 0kh2elj 7w3lww/ uoyant force ou-70 w 6klhsw gdp9r/ejlhu6z2tvwg(m ge 336n the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bp p5 knw b(m6+ot8yvl1ottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant foy l5v(p1km+o8 wp6tnb rce on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece ofpfo 9;uao7 a-rn,h;qv2 yuum: wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to t;a qouu:n9uoa,yhr2 f7;p-mv he water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating n1:ft8rn ty * xgrd)hyv2 zr:.in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off8tr*g ::vx.rrdh n2y)fn1yz t and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at poi .ctytfgxi0tv p/-ga 7gmfnku0-9-z. nt B is larger than at po.vg0--gpftz . i9-uy0 gk 7atx/fncmtint A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizonta;um-e r5v mmg;l pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its originalm mmgrue; ;5-v radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe ncqj o 0u n1-m jthooe+3ua7/9earrows to half its original radq e-t+9uno m3/ooj 10uh7eaj cius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle1zrw8wbiea3 a l.;3ja.

  Which one of the following is associated with the 1npc*w8mt0bzl pc( a5law of conservation of energy in fluiplbpw85c z a1*(c m0ntds?

  As the speed of a moving fluid ine()hp, b: lols)x :daxcreases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point rwqom/o ,k+st0 w e5;fB is larger than at point A. Where is thewqs 0tormfw;ok/ 5 ,e+ water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some airuyv0 w01uswsindj19 *oc.e0b above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminuo 2i4y, ; wdfuysxm84al velocity. The force of air resistance wsux, 2uf48;o i4mdyy on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneousl1,qdmu4t) d tuzona 8*y from a tall tower. Which will reac,*tn4dqom8 u a1zd) tuh the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r keiwn:wfy vym8.n 60.falls through water, it experiences a drag i:nnw y6.w.mfke y80v force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect fre8sqzr;r234 a kpn) on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each ofr;2fp3)r n kz8qare4s the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same le2n-e uf.f eb,ength, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flf,.u efneb-2e ow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pibdnby+ x1 y3 ev4r.vv3;ls 0edwfw+a*pe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is tlw4a db0v. ;e 3v1 ebf+r*xwvsd+n yy3he flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it o ) 9e,lpq 6mdq 12fyz0jlw-kseften tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface op)20zm,sdql 9ye 1w k6 qf-ejlf the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d i)a*o62nr igyj s placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If jynroa)i26 * gthe diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such al*ws4) v g(ch(wddr3+qvp1h as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run o lvdvdqgh4(cr*a3w(sw h )1+ pn top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweighf;v-g p8 8qujkpi ki(-yg1ls5 t that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bg ;8slyki5vu1( pgk8fqji--p ug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has v+0 mb; f bu)nb k277xb3lbkaza mass of 30.0 g. What is itslk07 f72kbuxbb+m)z b; n bva3 density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densitstr.zk:b; / e- hd1oggy?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.xlrlh env/;, zs.5b8a0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pvnes 5. lhx8 ,alr;b/zressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standingkge fr 7*q960t eu2rh*js/ny ;xgjc -s on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine z::wdttaju61r * p4cc withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in 1t r4tcua :zpd:wjc*6 the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maxiugggpzuk 20v8 kj 89 -ww )lb(px62htbmum force of6kg xpb z-0 gkww9)ju(h82glv8 p bt2u $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressurn( w pm8.bha;se if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The s* 0-kxjs csf 3vjb2r w-yug/*densitks-gc*w xj2 sy-vb / uf03sr*jy of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m beloarkiesu 88u1 vscz/-*w the surface of sea? (The densityrk-8/csau18s * iuezv of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. Thb )lipy2/cfgpg (f-ingq-s( ac. )3ane small piston has arci ))s -.l-gpg/nqa(fnac p (f32 ibygea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm an h;zmiqj4.zo lyh1 o*c;kbe --d the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the smajcbqo yzz.h;k - *h-41 li;moell piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm d (lq -6m. 1m+i 8k3itxiqwhfmpiameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameilqt m+mf- (kqi mi1 .x6pwh38ter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and iorz8 b 1n ybbmvb55f0sp:12fits large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift rais:vbmbn i8b21 zp5b5fsf r1y 0oes a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 306k pd mld3+,hr N in water. What is the buoyant force of tm 63dhp d+r,klhe water?

  An object has a volume of hlm3rt:)zhd+$4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string awg ,;(xu ogoeb38-jfwhile submerged in water. What is the tension in the sj o3ag woe bu,f8-;x(gtring? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold ,nv-4cmw715r , qiy.a luqsppis $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel sv l1mvfcf*q8. 4a7w2( c gdtdgubmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in ai8k 9+h sizb*tzn03 scsj8j:qm r and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the spe+m :b8szhz* 38jijnk0q 9s tcscific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale rea.1cg.kc- bgr9x d l0rxds 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowerer -bdc xrc.g1.0xkg9l d into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 ks,p3 +6nnb csltu0 lvqr)f* jb2ncu28g and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float i0,qh ;iril(v vgs-84vk-x fwln wat 8s0k4 h,vi (lqi-;xrgv lv-wfer. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measu2zcnc,s;b3 jkiev)* ires 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kiibec*iksv n);32 z cj,lograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. Theevut 31m jim01 weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the obj3uije0tvm 1 1mect?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the su8zxelrv-c qzs* /hz+;rface. What is the objecz x/z;q erc +hzvls8-*t's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneav8o:r9o ydv7rth the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objecoo y vrr:89d7vt?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe edo;(4xoz*k8eq r u;b m;cqe-100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specif( ;oe*qe xmker- b8oz;ud;q c4ic gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of dqw ua;c 2ho3ibx). mn tq-z-+liameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows throughw9kwengg3n w c+o.88 s a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restw8w .g g9osw+3 8nkcneriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s yaqqbkq 07fd 10, n8gcin a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for7 ea rw-lt(.bz a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain iezb- la r7w(t.s 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage 8u98rx7tbcq7 k w*q katank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate wkx ak77wcb8q r8* uqt9ill water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional svg7ry , o7o+uqn1xf3 area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 r3)t:q qwop(q Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to qtqop(w:3qr) the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of ful,dxkwbc /3.atty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure ,ukwlbxd3/c. provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in ax utjl-tdnj)+- 3hcl. pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 c- c-3l) jxtnljdht+u. m in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. Howxv -y)e hz1n8q high will water rise in a capillanz)e8hy-x q1v ry tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a go :pv7tj*gah 4;s.cm ylass capillary tube with a diametercpa o*svyt.7mj:hg4 ; of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertiefdf* (j9hw5fpxpe- 0cally in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface te0*5ef(w efj9p-d fxphnsion in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap fi ny:jqr . lx6vw6bo/2vlm formed within 6nb.j lxv/ 2yq:rowv6 its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 y.r/)thl gaydvt. 5s*cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much wor. tst l*gv)/yy ard.h5k is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?