An object moves in two dimensio*: nman+mdan1z*t t1 rns according to $$\vec{r}(t)=(4.0t^{2}-9.0)\hat{i}+(2.0t-5.0)\hat{j}$$ where $r$ is in meters and $t$ in seconds. When does the object cross the x-axis?

  The graph shows velocity as a function of time for a car. What was ,ga,yyyt m5i ;the acceleration atg5 ,ay,;tymiy time $= 90$ seconds?

  The coordinate of an object is given as a function of time btj n )5ju2tpb2ng sfz6p z8j*(y $x=8t-3t^{2},$ where $x$ is in meters and $t$ is in seconds. Its average velocity over the interval from $t=1$ to $t=2\,\mathrm{s}$ is

  An object is released from rest and falls a dec8s vl mled77ec;8k: 9a gzi4istance $h$ during the first second of time. How far will it fall during the next second of time?

  A crate of toys remains at rest on a sleigh as the sleigh isi+xzfgtw ou7u;h b9txo*fdd+b16 23l pulled up a hill with an increasing sou61+3f+wib7d 2;ug *otxd9 xtbfz lh peed. The crate is not fastened down to the sleigh. What force is responsible for the crate's increase in speed up the hill?

  At time $t=0$ a drag racer starts from rest at the origin and moves along a straight line with velocity given by $v=5t^{2}$, where $v$ is in $m/s$ and $t$ in $s$. The expression for the displacement of the car from $t=0$ to time $t$ is

  The chemical potential energy stored in a batteryys 4qx5 r8;cqh0 hi0vj is converted into kinetic energy in a toy car that increases its speedx;j5hsq ri hqvy4 080c first from $0\,\mathrm{mph}$ to $2\,\mathrm{mph}$ and then from $2\,\mathrm{mph}$ up to $4\,\mathrm{mph}$. Ignore the energy transferred to thermal energy due to friction and air resistance. Compared to the energy required to go from $0$ to $2\,\mathrm{mph}$, the energy required to go from $2$ to $4\,\mathrm{mph}$ is

  When two stars are very far apart th0b)jnr hl:h. yeir gravitational potential energy is zero; when they are separlh.:r hyj)b0n ated by a distance $d$ the gravitational potential energy of the system is $U$. If the stars are separated by a distance $2d$ the gravitational potential energy of the system is

  A large wedge rests on a horizontal frictionlessx jys*n q.xj,eh qilq93dc7:: surface, as shown. A block starts from rest and slides down the inclined surface of the wedge, which is rough. During the motion of the block, li,s q9n qe3.x d7*xqyc :j:hjthe center of mass of the block and wedge

  Two wheels with fixed hubs, each h,42u1i6bqsfb ;o ojz faving a mass of $1\,\mathrm{kg}$, start from rest, and forces are applied as shown. Assume the hubs and spokes are massless, so that the rotational inertia is $I=mR^{2}$. In order to impart identical angular accelerations about their respective hubs, how large must $F_{2}$ be?

  A uniform disk, a thin hoop, and a uniform sphere, all with the same mass anqlimsq7i3bj75y p q 3i(;s-okd same outer radius, are each free to rotate about a fixed axis through its center. Assume the hoop is connected to the rotation axis by light spokes. With the objects stari iqbis3pkq573ysq( lom 7; -jting from rest, identical forces are simultaneously applied to the rims, as shown. Rank the objects according to their kinetic energies after a given time $t$, from least to greatest.

  A $2\,\mathrm{kg}$ rock is suspended by a massless string from one end of a uniform $1\,\mathrm{meter}$ measuring stick. What is the mass of the measuring stick if it is balanced by a support force at the $0.20\,\mathrm{meter}$ mark?

  A particle moves along the x-axis. v5tpkb9g yh n ;v/t5(6l xumdo94jhg. It collides elastically head-on with an identical particle initiallyytvx9d4 g.o/5glnh(m5vku9tjh 6 pb; at rest. Which of the following graphs could illustrate the momentum of each particle as a function of time?

  When the speed of a rear-drive car is increasing oq h)v+, qsv)don a horizontal road, the direction of the fr) q)vhqd,v+osictional force on the tires is

  A uniform disk ($I=\frac{1}{2}MR^{2}$) of mass $8.0\,\mathrm{kg}$ can rotate without friction on a fixed axis. A string is wrapped around its circumference and is attached to a $6.0\,\mathrm{kg}$ mass. The string does not slip. What is the tension in the cord while the mass is falling?

  A baseball is dropped on top of a basketball. The ba2itdpkjjk qb3 g042g2sketball hits the ground, rebounds with a k2ibg042q 3 g dtp2jkjspeed of $4.0\,\mathrm{m/s}$, and collides with the baseball as it is moving downward at $4.0\,\mathrm{m/s}$. After the collision, the baseball moves upward as shown in the figure and the basketball is instantaneously at rest right after the collision. The mass of the baseball is $0.2\,\mathrm{kg}$ and the mass of the basketball is $0.5\,\mathrm{kg}$. Ignore air resistance and ignore any changes in velocities due to gravity during the very short collision times. The speed of the baseball right after colliding with the upward moving basketball is

  A small point-like object ibc7k-i +0wdv8f s,l yy1ajn-cxo d8 m,s thrown horizontally off of a $50.0\,\mathrm{m}$ high building with an initial speed of $10.0\,\mathrm{m/s}$. At any point along the trajectory there is an acceleration component tangential to the trajectory and an acceleration component perpendicular to the trajectory. How many seconds after the object is thrown is the tangential component of the acceleration of the object equal to twice the perpendicular component of the acceleration of the object? Ignore air resistance.

  A small chunk of ice falls from rest down a frictionless 1wkojb yk ta643j:g3qparabolic ice sheet shown in the figure. At the point labeled A in the diagram, the ice shwk6 31b:t3ka jqj oy4geet becomes a steady, rough incline of angle $30^{\circ}$ with respect to the horizontal and friction coefficient $\mu_{k}$. This incline is of length $\frac{3}{2}h$ and ends at a cliff. The chunk of ice comes to rest precisely at the end of the incline. What is the coefficient of friction $\mu_{k}$?

  A non-Hookian spring hx5qn4u i*) nekas force $F=-kx^{2}$ where $k$ is the spring constant and $x$ is the displacement from its unstretched position. For the system shown of a mass $m$ connected to an unstretched spring initially at rest, how far does the spring extend before the system momentarily comes to rest? Assume that all surfaces are frictionless and that the pulley is frictionless as well.

  A point-like mass moves horizontally between two walls on a frictionlessfe bmh g dg-ms-g ,g)+0sgr9e: surface witg)h mg0:s d-9- fs+ggem, gebrh initial kinetic energy $E$. With every collision with the walls, the mass loses $\frac{1}{2}$ its kinetic energy to thermal energy. How many collisions with the walls are necessary before the speed of the mass is reduced by a factor of 8?

  If the rotational inev .+pn6*s yxjbrtia of a sphere about an axis through the center of the sphere v6.s pynx+*jbis $I$, what is the rotational inertia of another sphere that has the same density, but has twice the radius?

  Two rockets are in space in ajd(7sgh9 o86n6n kon;.zjkzv negligible gravitational field. All observations are made by an observer in a reference frame in which both rockets are initially a k no.879jh(6onkn jzz6; dgsvt rest. The masses of the rockets are $m$ and $9m$. A constant force $F$ acts on the rocket of mass $m$ for a distance $d$. As a result, the rocket acquires a momentum $p$. If the same constant force $F$ acts on the rocket of mass $9m$ for the same distance $d$, how much momentum does the rocket of mass $9m$ acquire?

  If a planet of radiusgnnf)1lx xk/ a5*jke- $R$ spins with an angular velocity $\omega$ about an axis through the North Pole, what is the ratio of the normal force experienced by a person at the equator to that experienced by a person at the North Pole? Assume a constant gravitational field $g$ and that both people are stationary relative to the planet and are at sea level.

  A ball of mass $m$ is launched into the air. Ignore air resistance, but assume that there is a wind that exerts a constant force $F_{o}$ in the $-x$ direction. In terms of $F_{0}$ and the acceleration due to gravity $g$, at what angle above the positive x-axis must the ball be launched in order to come back to the point from which it was launched?

  Find the period of small oscillqb*7pram v+e +*w g0upations of a water pogo, which is a stick of mass mg0*pup++q r7a eb *wv$m$ in the shape of a box (a rectangular parallelepiped.) The stick has a length $L$, a width $w$ and a height $h$ and is bobbing up and down in water of density $\rho$. Assume that the water pogo is oriented such that the length $L$ and width $w$ are horizontal at all times. Hint: The buoyant force on an object is given by $F_{buoy}=\rho Vg$, where $V$ is the volume of the medium displaced by the object and $\rho$ is the density of the medium. Assume that at equilibrium, the pogo is floating.

  A sled loaded with children starts from rest ai7io *bx4jv h,nd slides down a snowy $25^{\circ}$ (with respect to the horizontal) incline traveling 85 meters in 17 seconds. Ignore air resistance. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the sled and the slope?

  A space station consists of two living modulx/ev9u/7zkv 1kab1e m es attached to a central hub on opposite sides of the hub by long corridors of equal length. Each living module contains N astronauts of equal mass. The mass of the space station iseua b/vv/kemz9 71 kx1 negligible compared to the mass of the astronauts, and the size of the central hub and living modules is negligible compared to the length of the corridors. At the beginning of the day, the space station is rotating so that the astronauts feel as if they are in a gravitational field of strength $g$. Two astronauts, one from each module, climb into the central hub, and the remaining astronauts now feel a gravitational field of strength $g^{\prime}$. What is the ratio $g^{\prime}/g$ in terms of N?

  A simplified model of a bicycle of mass M has two tires that eacd5olo; w* buw90b3 eblh comes into contact with the ground at a point. The wheelbase of this bicycle (the distance between the points of contact with the ground) is w, and the center of mass of the bicycle is located midway between the tires and a height h above the ground. The 9 l wbuob05lo3bd* w;ebicycle is moving to the right, but slowing down at a constant rate. The acceleration has a magnitude a. Air resistance may be ignored. Assume that the coefficient of sliding friction between each tire and the ground is $\mu$, and that both tires are skidding: sliding without rotating. What is the maximum value of $\mu$ so that both tires remain in contact with the ground?

  A simplified model of a bicycle of mass M has two tires that eac .yg.uv vw1p-zk osvh9qdn//ntatmv0 a33; 7ah comes into contact with the ground at a point. The wheelbase of this bicycle (the distance between the points of contact with the ground) is w, and the center of mass of the bicycle is located midway between the tires and a height h above qnk.pv7nm 9vvwu3d1o0a.t s zhg/-a/vt a;3y the ground. The bicycle is moving to the right, but slowing down at a constant rate. The acceleration has a magnitude a. Air resistance may be ignored. Assume that the coefficient of sliding friction between each tire and the ground is $\mu$, and that both tires are skidding: sliding without rotating. What is the maximum value of $a$ so that both tires remain in contact with the ground?

  A simplified model of a bicycle of mass M has two tires that each come (y)6t.0ltguc3 mj rqxs into contact with the ground at a point. The wheelbase of this bicycle (the distance between the points of contact wity ttj 0 m.lq3xgcur6()h the ground) is w, and the center of mass of the bicycle is located midway between the tires and a height h above the ground. The bicycle is moving to the right, but slowing down at a constant rate. The acceleration has a magnitude a. Air resistance may be ignored. Assume, instead, that the coefficient of sliding friction between each tire and the ground is different: $\mu_1$ for the front tire and $\mu_2$ for the rear tire. Let $\mu_1 = 2\mu_2$. Assume that both tires are skidding: sliding without rotating. What is the maximum value of $a$ so that both tires remain in contact with the ground?

  A thin, uniform rod has mas)e4dr/g,xqqu1 vh5qc s $m$ and length $L$. Let the acceleration due to gravity be $g$. Let the rotational inertia of the rod about its center be $md^{2}$. Find the ratio $L/d$.

  A thin, uniform rod hg4b jlh 68q*c:5bmb rvas mass $m$ and length $L$. Let the acceleration due to gravity be $g$. Let the rotational inertia of the rod about its center be $md^{2}$. The rod is suspended from a point a distance $kd$ from the center, and undergoes small oscillations with an angular frequency $\beta\sqrt{\frac{g}{d}}$. Find an expression for $\beta$ in terms of $k$.

  A thin, uniform rod has mass 5y2- ap8md 3wkii(8z;7dv xtqn/dsx x$m$ and length $L$. Let the acceleration due to gravity be $g$. Let the rotational inertia of the rod about its center be $md^{2}$. The rod is suspended from a point a distance $kd$ from the center, and undergoes small oscillations with an angular frequency $\beta\sqrt{\frac{g}{d}}$. Find the maximum value of $\beta$.

  A point object of masj: +*jzmj 5gjw(8mrlin v6ymb -u(m 1qs $m$ is connected to a cylinder of radius $R$ via a massless rope. At time $t=0$ the object is moving with an initial velocity $v_{0}$ perpendicular to the rope, the rope has a length $L_{0},$ and the rope has a non-zero tension. All motion occurs on a horizontal frictionless surface. The cylinder remains stationary on the surface and does not rotate. The object moves in such a way that the rope slowly winds up around the cylinder. The rope will break when the tension exceeds $T_{max}$ Express your answers in terms of $T_{max}$ m, $L_{0},$ R, and $v_{0}$. What is the angular momentum of the object with respect to the axis of the cylinder at the instant that the rope breaks?

  A point object of mass)a1l u.( fpp .dl)qvwi $m$ is connected to a cylinder of radius $R$ via a massless rope. At time $t=0$ the object is moving with an initial velocity $v_{0}$ perpendicular to the rope, the rope has a length $L_{0},$ and the rope has a non-zero tension. All motion occurs on a horizontal frictionless surface. The cylinder remains stationary on the surface and does not rotate. The object moves in such a way that the rope slowly winds up around the cylinder. The rope will break when the tension exceeds $T_{max}$ Express your answers in terms of $T_{max}$ m, $L_{0},$ R, and $v_{0}$. What is the kinetic energy of the object at the instant that the rope breaks?

  A point object of masmcdy5 pxoh*d ky1s)p8:yg.g n/t : *yss $m$ is connected to a cylinder of radius $R$ via a massless rope. At time $t=0$ the object is moving with an initial velocity $v_{0}$ perpendicular to the rope, the rope has a length $L_{0},$ and the rope has a non-zero tension. All motion occurs on a horizontal frictionless surface. The cylinder remains stationary on the surface and does not rotate. The object moves in such a way that the rope slowly winds up around the cylinder. The rope will break when the tension exceeds $T_{max}$ Express your answers in terms of $T_{max}$ m, $L_{0},$ R, and $v_{0}$. What is the length (not yet wound) of the rope?

  A massless elastic cord (that obeys Hooke'kv4 j)bm01)xv mdyx3 ws33o ftq*jq2os Law) will break if the tension in the cord excee3 wqv xt1jy0dxk3mooj )3mbs 2v*)q4fds $T_{max}$. One end of the cord is attached to a fixed point, the other is attached to an object of mass 3m. If a second, smaller object of mass $m$ moving at an initial speed $v_{0}$ strikes the larger mass and the two stick together, the cord will stretch and break, but the final kinetic energy of the two masses will be zero. If instead the two collide with a perfectly elastic one-dimensional collision, the cord will still break, and the larger mass will move off with a final speed of $v_{f}$. All motion occurs on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Find $v_{f}/v_{0}$

  A massless elastic cord (that obeys Hooke's Law) will break if tav4 .aoz1qj3 2u s,qe+qh++kkeuw* sp he tension in th*.3a ,+eh1j+ uakwkqus4qq e o2sz+pve cord exceeds $T_{max}$. One end of the cord is attached to a fixed point, the other is attached to an object of mass 3m. If a second, smaller object of mass $m$ moving at an initial speed $v_{0}$ strikes the larger mass and the two stick together, the cord will stretch and break, but the final kinetic energy of the two masses will be zero. If instead the two collide with a perfectly elastic one-dimensional collision, the cord will still break, and the larger mass will move off with a final speed of $v_{f}$. All motion occurs on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Find the ratio of the total kinetic energy of the system of two masses after the perfectly elastic collision and the cord has broken to the initial kinetic energy of the smaller mass prior to the collision.