What provides evidence that all life on Earth evolved from the /un8u0 whi )lpl 3mr;sefi41 msame population of ce/hws )nm r01l;3i leufm84uiplls?

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation -o5 4isrgr 8 wrn9lo5lof vesicles.

  Whose experiments disp cwfteg*yk/ehd- 0qsvj+ +v5 3roved spontaneous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are commonly used in absolute dating of fof9 d3 )*7+cgm j cjh*5dyubx5mo;kzh bssils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons that RNA is believed x h282c m8rcygajux63to be the first genetic mc xhu2jy2 8rc6xg83m aaterial?
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experiments byuhs0s ,:j6z++smo fconducted by Miller 0b 6,:fjs s yomzs++uhand Urey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vigi z)n* x- xg(3 3ywlipf,nza-b9k,kztalism was a widely accepted theory. This theory suggested that orgaxx*fw)za 9,in-l,g ib3 (3kp kzz-gynnic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present in living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to suppo*ee,q)vtty 9yrt that the last universal common ,e) qytv9t ye*ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal vents?

Researchers carried out a simiv)m gokf :8w,yi;e nk)lar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generation, usiyvnwk; )o k m,if8g)e:ng the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous experiments disproving spontaneous genea4:pqq1e rx1 dration were replicated by plre4daq 1 p:qx1acing broth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena .(qj.a bngxt1 a photosynthetic protist. It is a living cell which can carry out all the functions 1g(j qtx. nb.aof life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.