What provides evidence that all life on (9pjusmx/ :grEarth evolved from the same population of cells?r(pumsx / :g9j

  Identify the correct row in the table regarding the formation of ve8; ,3otxe iamfsicles.

  Whose experiments disproved spontan* 8j(6ri 5vg gokyjdr5eous generation?

  Which type of isotopes are e1qztjr0 - 1ozcommonly used in absolute dating of fossils?

  Which of the following statements are reasons thi.f /5jpk+mn oat RNA is believed to be the first genetic material?.mnkio f5p +/j
I. RNA can form spontaneously when nucleotides are present
II. RNA contains ribose as its sugar
III. Miller demonstrated that organic molecules could be produced from a mixture of gases under conditions that simulated early Earth

The diagram below shows the apparatus used in the experimen 00po 0nmn:wuhts conducted by Miller and h:0ou00npn wmUrey.


Describe how this experiment showed that the origin of life was possible on early Earth.

  In the early 19th century, vitalism was a widely0 v) 3 cj2n99m/yiq+:e u2zwwxytyzzj accepted theory. This theory suggested that organic compounds, those found in living organisms, could only be produced through a "vital force" present y nvjiuwzztqyw02x:z)c+/j9 e239 y min living matter.

What was the role of urea in falsifying the theory of vitalism?

  Which of the following is not evidence to support thatqg68saj3 wdy vll76o / the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) could have emerged at hydrothermal7vw3 6jslgq /lo8d 6ya vents?

Researchers carried 8cxs8k 0fm4bfout a similar experiment to Louis Pasteur’s famous experiment disproving spontaneous generatfb8 xm084cs fkion, using the set up below at 30°C.



1.Outline the theory of spontaneous generation.

2.1.State two variables that must be controlled in this experiment.

2.2.Explain why it is important to have controlled variables in this study.

3.1.State the letters of three flasks which would show signs of decomposition of broth.

3.2.Explain your answer to part (i).

4.Suggest, with reasons, how the results of the study would differ if the flasks were incubated at 4°C.

  Louis Pasteur's famous expe(fz cy): yk7miriments disproving spontaneous generation were replicated by placing z7myick f:( y)broth into various flasks.

Which two flasks would show the presence of microorganisms in the results?

Below is a diagram of Euglena a photosynthetic protist. It is a living cell wb3(6p2ok;k-ivljbq jn o9yx8 m;ynr)hich li9k3b(jo y;q m2 8v-)jnb6;nokx pry can carry out all the functions of life.

1.1.State which function of life the flagellum is adapted for.

1.2.State which function of life is enabled by the contractile vacuole.

2.Outline why viruses are not regarded as living organisms.

3.State two main principles of the cell theory

4.Explain how the properties of phospholipids mean they naturally form vesicles when in aqueous solution.

5.Explain how the formation of vesicles was important in the evolution of cells.