Which reaction converts monosaccharides into disaccharid( mdj;ijo u7to/le6 f0es?

  1.State the reaction that forms disaccharides from monosac6t9w pmqsk ; itwedw18:hn -bi98wpi.charides.
   OR dehydration synthesis

2.Draw the products of the reaction between the two monosaccharides shown in the diagram below.

  What is the substrate for te g31aalfbisq,**l ou*ub5) she enzyme lactase?

  Biomolecules have diverse forms and structures. Which of the fol-4jinf :z2c9dzre 7 qblowing statements isn4f: rbzcez-jq i2d9 7 false?

  A disaccharide is formed by a condensa7omc 4 a b;xndt,q 0nhv3cbbxs9q+b +2tion reaction between a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. Which molecule fits this descriptioxachdb72+ 9tqsb n x bq34,+0n;mcobvn?

  What bond is formed between two gluc b5 ;r8.j e6xe(ox;al b:zsf(fvwru;bose molecules to form maltose?

  What is the product of thisa8xg3fq /s ;u h9w1kfz reaction?

  Which of the following is a strkab0 mw 06)e8 1hmshteroid?

  Which row in the table below correctly identifies the the con-6db m,4bbpdp u .dx,kd1i z 31,ve/qfry1cecstituents of the named macromolecule ccy1, p iv /d3fed1-bdr14,pbuzd.e q,bk 6mxs?

  The diagram below show8n e k*ro c:23kuajay(s the structure of 2 different monomers.



1.State the name of the following:

1.1.structure A:α-  
1.2.structure B:  

2.State the name of a polymer which contains the following molecules:

2.1.structure A:starch OR glycogen OR amylose OR amylopectin
2.2.structure B:ribonucleic acid OR   

1.Distinguish between the formation ptk+-cx97j ng and breaking down of a polymer.

2.Compare and contrast carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

  Which statement(s) about starc:inv/8guj+ x y/ork;s h and glycogen is/are correct?
I. Starch and glycogen are branched molecules.
II. Starch is made up β− glucose molecules but glycogen is made up of α− glucose molecules.
III. Starch and glycogen are energy storing polysaccharides.

  Which of the following a5ipu 7dk1jf: is only able to trigger a response in a cell by binding to a r5pafuki7 j :1deceptor in the plasma membrane?

The micrograph shows a part of a9cvkyft9w;cx ,+ioj-jg f :f6 plant cell from the leaf of Anemone sp.


1.Label structures in the plant cell above:

1.1.using the letter R where starch can be found;
1.2.using the letter S where lipids can be found;
1.3.using the letter T where cellulose can be found.

2.Compare and contrast between the structure and functions of glycogen and starch.

  Which molecule diagram is correctly match+z2ixcw) c.b wed to the name?

  Eating a healthy, balanced diet is important in order to y3jk;/i ak-)xa2br ;z m:jwenmaintain overall health and a strong immune /z)ynb:r2aj;w kjiemk- ; a 3xsystem. A healthy diet means eating a wide variety of food whilst limiting the consumption of foods which are considered to be less healthy, such as those high in saturated fats.

In an investigation into the effects of diet on low-density lipoprotein levels (LDL) in the blood, scientists provided two groups of mice with varied diets. Each group was given 5g of food per day, containing a mixture of a standard food mix and either avocado or cheese. The ratios of the food were changed each day and blood LDL levels were recorded. The diets and results are shown in the tables and graph.



1.1.Describe the impact on blood LDL levels when feeding mice diets supplemented with avocado or cheese.

1.2.Explain the differences between results from both groups.

1.3.Suggest a reason for the trend shown in LDL levels in group one.

2.State which group is most at risk of heart disease and stroke. Give a reason for your answer.

3.1.Suggest one advantage of using mice in this experiment instead of humans.

3.2.State one variable, not mentioned in the question, which would need to be controlled in this experiment in order to achieve valid results.

4.For mice fed with cheese, calculate how many times greater the LDL levels were on day 5 compared to day 2.
Day 2 =  

  Which molecules form a;b*nxko cr:lv+pki x60 vc9b( triglyceride?

Distinguish between thmi2a) w;: dbgshp:ckf,g/ e :pe structure of cellulose, starch and glycogen.

  Which molecule is shown in the diauvf76yq .sg2m gram below?

  Which monosaccharides are matched to incorrect disacc2 va(hxs qkjnem 5;em wu()j,5harides?

  Which of the following is the correct composition of the named polysao7d 96s pc(hgdccharide?

  Which of the following statements describes alpha-Linolenweego8*oks q4cv4 pfq* :;g 9zbo0p 9tate, as depicted in the diagram bez wpkfbqgq *; 8g:pseeo 49oo0v9t 4*clow?

Molecules used in metabolism can be classified as carbohydrates, lipids, aecg,2v ( md nlk:a7-iwc:m6yand proteins. These molecules are often broken down into simpler units whick(m,cw:2nvd-c a 7ilaye :g6m h are then involved in different metabolic reactions.

1.Identify two disaccharides and the monomers from which they are formed.

2.Draw a labeled molecular diagram to show a generalized amino acid.

3.Discuss the theory of vitalism and its falsification.

1.Palmitic acid is an example of a saturated fatty acid wv aday 5;jj3130ksu fwith a 16 carbon chain. Drawydj ;fw10avk 3ja5su 3 the structure of a palmitic acid.

2.Testosterone is a steroid hormone, which is carried in the blood. Explain how, when testosterone reaches its target cells, it brings about its effect on the DNA of that cell.

3.Explain how the structure of cellulose and glycogen are related to their functions.