Which part of the synovial joint envelops the synovial fluid? or +-pmnr k)i1

  The diagram below represents a sarcomere. Which structuresezs-yq,tvo+ : are labeled I and II ?ozev, y ts-:q+

  The diagram below shows a sya tpi-hh4d*b 9novial joint.

1.Identify structures labelled I and II.
I :   ;II:  .
2.Describe the role of each of the structures identified in (a).

  Which of these statements are true fofz 6qna5enbo :k+:. lxd8fu1y r synovial joints?
I. The joint capsule produces synovial fluid
II. Synovial joints can move in one direction (plane)
III. Ligaments connect one bone to another

  Which type of ion binds to filaments in the sarcomere to initiate zw1x/,0 erih4mr)btp. 8t yvmthe process of muscle e1thy) 4/tw,bz rr8 pi xm.0mvcontraction?

  Which feature allows 71niheok:b2l 4ub* ndinsects, such as crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), to jump very he7n4l*dk1u h o:ib nb2igh?

  The diagram shows a Zebra (Equus quagga). Which is notugf oden/l ag3f .ml9j18/ mx/ a reason for it to move?

  Which of the following brings about movement of the ske(:(*ycc nrn tuy07sujleton?

  The photo shows an Australian shelduc;*)h+ -p o(ku69t w kmgi:y8muw uusink (Tadorna tadornoides).
Which is not a feature that is adapted to aid in locomotion?

The image shows an African daisy (Osteospermum acanthospermum), a sessile orgjw5t .nv(q;9e-zvbda anism and a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldtb;a 95dn -ez(tw.vqv ji), a motile organism.


1.State one way that a daisy moves.

2.State two life processes other than movement that the two organisms have in common.

3.Explain three adaptations that the penguin has for efficient movement in water and on land.

4.In order to reproduce, the penguin may have to travel to find a mate.

4.1.Outline one advantage of travelling to find a mate.

4.2.Outline one disadvantage of travelling to find a mate.

5.State two reasons other than reproduction that the penguin may need to travel.

  The diagram below representjrb; :cvnr7 26m7wsjas two sarcomeres. Which structure shortens during muswmca :6vs7jrbjr ;7 n2cle contraction?

  Which animal forelimb is adapted f6zw/i 1te zhe0t k94;w kolx5uor swimming?

  Which of the following statements relates to myo ,ar4l6yocqnz96*k9 h k,x aiofibrils?

1.Outline how antagonistic muscles move joijxz rk290wt,rt3 4b twnts, giving an example.

2.Describe how skeletal muscle fibres are adapted for their function.

  Which statement(s) are true for ATP hydrolysis during mz o5u 03 .kg1 ef2ukhw,g0vlkvuscle contraction?
I. ATP is hydrolysed by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
II. ATP hydrolysis causes myosin heads to move into the ready position
III. ATP hydrolysis causes the cross-bridges to break

1.Distinguish between a myofibril-x t s06gmij:b, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemma.sgixj:- bm0t6

2.Outline the proteins involved in muscle contraction.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.

  Which row shows the correct sequence of event -uc3iq(5 5yz.sqejjxs in muscle contraction?

1.Distinguish between a myofibril, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the sarcolemj1 etrt9h,zrb xo ;q(5ma. 51qh zbrett j(9x ;ro,

2.Outline the different proteins and their position in the sarcomere when the muscle is relaxed.

3.Describe the process of muscle contraction.