What three processes can increase variation in a populationf nc+ 369cvco.kt8d pi?

  Which of the following/ln71y(wl:0rbsyyv xq ww * 2w statement(s) are possible consequences to a polypeptide if a base substitution mutation ocl*s2y wlwyywbvnq(1 x0:7rw/ curs?
I. A shorter polypeptide chain is translated
II. An altered polypeptide chain is translated
III. There is no change to the polypeptide sequence

  The DNA sequence shownkvvspi2ae mx)z(n+c )x,4t :c has been taken from exon 1 of DNA within the human insulin gene. Which seque xp,ci4vt)sx ec v(n 2zk:m+)ance corresponds to a deletion mutation in the sequence?

  What is a possible cause of a ge47) kz *7 wlvzgv7fzornetic mutation?

  In species that do not carry out sexual reproduction, what is a* on*bmmmp52ox(+6krs,q a; ix4hmz z possible cause of(,xobh+k5 *; oa z ziqp6nmm4 m2*srxm variation?

  Shown below is the single bgmi)02 , o0b,+renhwvs gz3lmase substitution mutation that causes sickle cell anaemia in individuals who are homozygous for the allele. Which of the following is a res0 ,gs,l vz 3orhm )wmge20n+ibult of this mutation?

  Which statement about mutations in germ and/or somatic cells is correck/z;0 mg )snzb/khq k-t?

  This table is a short section of the output from a DNA sequen1bar .v,tgf ;kce database comparing the cytochrome C gene sequence in t,; 1arv bkfgt.wo species. What does it show?

  A population of plants wi gyv -vx.rdf5a4ngg0y)wt7 x)th no resistance to herbivores may develop into a population of plants th-)g.n ft50gx wr74ygy)xadvvat secrete a compound toxic to herbivores. How could this change occur?

Different species of living organisms ha v24f)x ufn*jxpmc, -kve different numbers of genes characteristic to tf)ckuf 2p ,xnxj* 4m-vhem. The table shows the estimated number of genes for five species.
Species Estimated number of genes
Escherichia coli (bacteria species) 4,000
Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) 13,000
Canis lupis familiaris (dog) 20,000
Homo sapiens (humans) 30,000
Oryza sativa (rice) 40,000
1.Using the information in the table deduce the estimated number of loci in a human genome.

2.Explain how a mutation can affect a characteristic.

1.Outline the outcomes of thupd(1q+y2 yy ayq)f( ge Human Genome Project (HGP).

2.Variation sometimes refers to the differences between individuals of the same species. Describe the role of genes in variation.

3.The frequency of the sickle cell allele is higher in regions of the world where malaria is prevalent. Explain the cause of sickle cell anaemia and the correlation between the frequency of the sickle cell allele and the prevalence of malaria.

1.Describe how a mutation may l/,ztm 4)k6 5sazj;nky3 j2t- lllojkbe a silent mutation.

2.Outline five causes of gene mutations.

3.Compare and contrast the consequences of mutations in somatic and germ cells.