Which statement best describes the oaa kxedh 0g v9h:-+rxlyvdwy. d(-7tb9l p8x 3smolarity of a solution used to bathe organs for use in organ transplant prh dxkely xgv8 990dry.7bavw-- th3:+px dla(ocedures?

  Which is the most likely solute potential (ψ *-)qk)z9ynkh:x(z-jnz r8 bj(9rfm*p flf p v$_s$) of 50 cm$^3$ distilled water if 10g of salt is added to it?

  An organ donor's heac qzk2xo xl.ksxs5l(x(3z (w+rt is removed to be transplanted and is stored in an isotonic solution prior to transplant. Which of the following may result if the heart is not stored in an iso k(c+ (xl3 ls2zxq(oz5.ksw xxtonic solution?

  Two patients were given solutions qg3t, (l6zg, dv 2cyqdintravenously as part of a medical treatment. One patient had a generally negative health outcome wgz6 dqtcvl32yq(g, d,hile the other had a positive health outcome. Blood samples were taken from both patients and then viewed through a light microscope.


Which correctly identifies the health outcomes for the two patients and the likely reasons for these outcomes?

  What effect on oxygenkef1l,s(vg.5hdk lna f)6s (r transport in a human being is likely if the individual is given a hypotonic solution intravenously?hk r(ea g(s6)dfkf s.lnl,15v

  The diagram shows the setup for an osmosis experiment. The potato tissue was,h,77lib/ab o5ga gc k placed in a solution of unknown concentration for 3 days. After 3 days, tb ,ch7gk lbo,g/a5i a7he potato had lost mass. Which type of solution was the potato placed in, and what was the effect on the pressure potential?

  The image below shows red blood cells placed in three differentdyb+ ioo )dycdxu.7sx39 7q3k solutions as seen under the light microscope. Which type of solution w d97o3ux+.id)3ckbyos7 d yxqere the cells shown in micrograph A most likely placed in?

Membrane transport is important for allowing w 0+yuayanb12particles to move across the cell membrane and respond to changes in the chemical composition ofy u wy1baa+0n2 the extracellular fluid.

1.Outline the effects of placing a liver cell in a hypotonic solution.

2.Outline how the fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells or to be released from cells.

3.Compare and contrast four types of membrane transport. Include an example of each.

  Which is not a correct definition or eq6dldk, 9s-1yfit,p qtuation for water potential?

  Which of the following surface area tousp oqe:7 zb se p.jwv3s6y c7:v.0a5g volume ratios would result in the highest rate of diq6eve . 5p7yz:bsso0uawpg :svcj3. 7ffusion for a cell?

  The diagram shows a piece of potato tissue i r sxj;9-tk2ham)nrq*y*h-lthat has been placed in distilled water. Wy-lri 9tjk*n*-)x hq; ram2shhich is the correct reason for the movement of water from the distilled water into the potato cells?

  The graph below shows the change in mass of a potato slice (y cj3zg3l( ;zo.df(zwhg 6*dy%) at different concentr6(; z3 oy3chfgddz* (g.z jylwations of sucrose solution (mol dm$^{-3}$ ).

  Given the following experimzy. n6;f.o7pmjhpyk 4t0d -byental set-up, in which direction will there be a net moy kpn. 7f4 m;jz6dpt .-hyoy0bvement of water?

The micrograph shows onior1rpgn9 zezc57mw u8f+9,wed n epidermal cells.

1.1.Draw a diagram of one onion cell after it has been placed in a highly hypertonic solution, labelling the position of the cell membrane, cell wall and vacuole.

1.2.State a definition for the term ‘hypertonic solution’.

1.3.Explain the reasons for the changes to the onion cell in your answer to part (i), with reference to water potential.

1.4.The water potential of the onion cell in the micrograph is -700kPa, and the pressure potential is 900 kPa. Calculate the solute potential of the cell using the equation below.

ψw = ψs + ψp

2.Explain why the calculated value for water potential is always relative to pure water at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20 °C.

3.Predict, with a reason, how the solute potential of the cytoplasm of an onion cell would be affected if it was placed in a hypotonic solution.

  A student placed 13 potato cylinders i u xev3wnea7*()pdtmf+ fe- 1mn a hypotonic solution and 13 potato cylinders in a hypertonic solution. The student then calculated the mean percent chaevuxe+d7 -* 3 pwtef(f )mamn1nge in length, and standard error. Below are the results. Which of the answer choices can be concluded?

Below is a diagram showing the response of red blood ( on-wdt7:qnvonc734pcqj ltac n3 5.-cryb. cells when placed in different c-q .lr.jb5no 37yw7:ancn3cc q(4 ponv-dtt solute concentrations.


1.State what is meant by the term isotonic solution.

2.Identify which concentrations were hypotonic and which were hypertonic to the red blood cells.

3.If red blood cells were placed in a hypotonic solution, explain the likely changes in ion concentration in the cytoplasm of the cells.

4.Describe the process of how a solid granule of NaCl becomes a solute when placed in water.

5.Compare and contrast how animal and plant cells are affected by being placed in hypotonic solutions and hypertonic solutions.

1.Outline the stages of solvation. 1)eo-pmf i t4capw9h5

2.Describe what you would see down a microscope if an onion cell is first put into pure water and then into a strong salt solution.

3.Explain the movement of water across the cell surface membrane when an animal cell is placed in different solute concentrations.