Central banks usually have all of the following goals exceptafg5u h;f f26l(bl-h l:

  Which of the following is a stre pm83(3c rejz0.ow ujblzda.*ngth of fiscal policy?

  The process of a central bank creati y2h/ux 3q2yyung digital money by purchasing long-term government securities from commercial banks and crediting electronic reserves to the commercial banks' accounts held with the central bank /y 22x3hquyyuis the definition of:

  The concept of money demand in economics is not associated with holding:euh336frsqi uw-j(r9w63 vz b6acl( tana : m money:

  Select from the choices below what is not con/ nk+f2uc9ek he uh+3wsidered to be a strength of monetary pole u9h+/uk+cfhkew2n3 icy:

  The following statements are true exct3,wdky :p mo973xms+o.lmoplc9z 0d ept:

  Which of the following is an example of current expen-ucn rg+-(9bksw52 ffkhh l d0diture?

  
Which of the following policies would most likely cause the above shift from $AD_1$ to $AD_2$?

  
At which point of intersection along the AS curve above would an expansionary fiscal policy have the largest impact on real output?

  In May 2023, the legal reserve requirement ratio (reserve requireosz:tcr(f+mpr l-- 6a ment) in Iran stands at 10%. If you have an initial deposit of Iranian R-co+rts- (mra :zlf6pial (IRR) 1 000, calculate the total credit creation you can expect.
Choose the correct answer from the options below:

  Suppose the European Central Bank's (ECB) goal isl9zhi 9f5r9jdl ll6h: to increase the money supply; select which of the following options below the ECB must dhl9il:95dl6f9z lj rho:

  What is most likely to decreas mwe4go8m e*6c huvx3(e after the implementation of expansionary fiscal (oevm cg3em*86huw4xpolicy?

  

South Sudan's inflation rate (%)	2022
-2.54	August
-8.75	September
-12.73	October
-8.1	November
- 11.57	December

Given the table above, select from the choices below what is expected to be true concerning South Sudan in August through December of 2022:

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $APL_1$ as shown in the figure above. Select which type of monetary policy action a central bank may undertake from the choices to restore full employment:
I.decrease interest rates
II. increase interest rates
III.decrease money supply
IV. increase money supply

  Select from the choices below which would be the most appropriate reason for thrlp); +yd7s(v((fwzshvbwp7rz vz*8 e central bank to increase the money suppl8vv (zrlp ;rfz bdh+7 pw*vss(( )7ywzy:

  Which combination of fiscal and monetary policy actions wo p/9 ksg1vuh3vuld most effectively close an inflationa u 1k3/gvhp9vsry gap?

  Which of the following5ed r 6pg(c;vo statements is true of automatic stabilisers?
I.They utilise discretionary spending to reduce volatility.
II. They will be more effective in an economy with a strong welfare state and progressive income tax.
III. They moderate the rate of economic growth.

  Which of the following may 9y t,p/zey .of1samr( result from a sustained budget deficit?

  
If an economy is initially operating at equilibrium X, what would its new equilibrium be if the government cuts income tax and increases VAT?

  

Given the figure above, select from the choices below in which expansionary monetary policy action would result in a “no growth, only inflation'' scenario:

  Calculate the change 6v.ryf s/.lhkin national income from a $\xi$10 000 000 decrease in government spending for an economy where:
The marginal propensity to consume is 0.6
The marginal propensity to import is 0.1
The marginal propensity to tax is 0.2

  Select from the table below t9 vit3* whwog+he appropriate transmission mechanism of a contractionary monetary policywogwvti+9* h 3 which involves raising interest rates to achieve an external balance.

  

Country A	Country B	Country C	Country D
Increase in investment: US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US	Increase in investment US
$\$$100m	$\$$150m	$\$$200m	$\$$50m
Marginal propensity to toconsume 0.6	Marginal propensity to consume 0.4	Marginal propensity to consume 0.3	Marginal propensity to consume 0.8

Which country would experience the largest increase in real output after an increase in investment?

  
Suppose an economy is in short-run equilibrium at $Y_1$ and $PL_1$ as shown in the figure above, select which of the statements from the choices below is true:
I.an inflationary gap exists
II.the inflationary gap can be reduced by implementing contractionary monetary policy, that shifts $AD_1$ to $AD_2$
III. a contractionary monetary policy will lower the equilibrium price level
IV.implementing contractionary monetary policy can transform the inflationary gap into a recessionary gap