Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second La5y7t8nzd. khrozg h9.w about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most dire9.gz 7.z r8y5 dnhhktoctly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets i+bdcfiqu7pzlhj47mln 8 4 / (gn the solar system follow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best sm7 ql+ bnpgzuf/j8lhi c (44d7ummarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the force of g(u7bg(;7k ftm olg4z)r yhhl7 ravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers ru g );77(k fly47ol(hzbhgtmis doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each dj4 d,zs -, fisti :1s-jjda,aother with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. Whstf sidsa:da4,,1j zi ,d-j-j at will be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotafv9b7,rq tl+ - +ezcs -uoqs2pting planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X hasurv - z+7ql9st 2-,csofe bp+q twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, u) abll7r /m7ksdyb,b-2nktvr-e18 i non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice therua 1n v-e,lr-mb)7b7bd kk/8ty 2sil radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if vf:.2gb-5 niybza,bm it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on m: babzyg.i25vn,b f-the satellite. Which of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts John Glenn with a g 2jtrjp+sw:j i.* mbk3ravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational fjk2wi:sr.*mpb t jj +3orce on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any influence of tg(0t +nujk pfp8 *.j/jpbom)the Sun), which one of the + k. mbj) 0pp*otg(njtp /uf8jfollowing best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the hgse+lsn8d l7 3oyz zgy7rv*s4+3es5 international space station, which of the following graphs would best represent the gravitational f8gz3sse4* dsyz 3hn+sorl g57ve+yl7orce on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the M h1)uepinhjyocvl/+5x( . ct6oon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the followingt6jo v+p.xcl()ie ny5uc1h/h would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at f.1veb wxaxlpk 6zmpn0z,:4 . the surface of the moon. If we assum: m0k v.ewx ,f.6zzpb41npx lae the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven times the masp1n b42k37zilc p8l jezbe(k.s of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the grae(8nzbzji 7 2klbp314 c.p lkevitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth anntjmzz7h6 ((n d a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitationhj6(m t7n z(znal acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbia/w+su k::er i6 l:ob8qjvqp( 5vqk )lt with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational forcevqevjalr w8lbpqius:5k/: (o:6)+ q k exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass on1y pkqo-.5qx 6d/g9izjcmc i4e-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbitoc-ci4.k gx/ j65d 1z9qypqmi?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at th-bja4a,r-zh+ 7vxmnj e same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period v--hj a x,7jr znb+am4of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular jk--4ing xm k6 gda-m9orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” r5.pnfv7bs k1 +7jtdt eii(x/iefers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape,/7+v s7fpititjbd e .x 5i(k1n

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit ar, fdt,5t+ sl2 tqt o9n6p-iy7wjztg,xound the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following resulz, x 79ng 6 tpj+-q tis,lwtd5otfy2,tts is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follow n8 kxa0c0awm + -hd3ngcircular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. nw8 mc3dka0h 0+x-agn Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital 0c ndl-o+gk 4(uwg+pmradius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbip+-+n4uwkmg cod( 0lgt is

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