Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Ly,xbn 1gxod;8 -f0lfsi5ndd 5 aw about “sweeping out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which con- 15; 8,s5xfyndngb0difl doxservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with : fyon ae q1h75qsz+aj*2p1 tithe Sun locatedz n7oa5 *+qyas1ptq2i1e fh:j at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to the f +i5.nnggb5)2- uuyfe(lll x /zg/py porce of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their cente-yn)2p5g n//lug +pyegbxl zf5. lu (irs is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each othe-.hg+fnj 0l ynr with a gravitational force of 4.0 N.y.0ngj nl-h+f What will be the force if the distance between them is doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non : vm2fg;ps4x ply5ubpcw xtrhe-6)3*-rotating planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radi phgpbfwm5l*26;ux x rc)y: v3p-tse4us of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotatin7 4mae;v,h4*icy3 p9vymqw j ng planets, X and Y, have the same uniform density. Planet X has ty9*cvm j4;a,n7e4wy vm i3phqwice the radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calclkiwbj8 )/f) lvn,zf3 ulated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which )38)v/ilfwzb, nkljfof the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attrachd23e06yjk jsqfv9y(p:je / wts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famousf/wj6pk ej39yq( 2jeys hvd0 : second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignore any-(qpyc)f gj m8 influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration abouqm8pg)jyf- ( ct the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the internat-9.ivq2q zjgv7gk h6m (ou8gtional space station, which of the following graphs would best re-( vo29g76ighmg zk.vquj8t qpresent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at t -oe a-qrgk,ay .d 5s4.)twljhhe surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second .o.ha q-dswgl e,y-r4a)t5k jobject at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

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00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the su/d1w4b5pts)m-: p7ci; 2toe ts adrusrface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the objec;)p2 -om iwtsusa41tb5 7 c/r :dtepdst’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has cvj:hw p.4kl6(jl+ g0;eyrkh8 .ynr mseven times the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The mag+l:.8r.rvc0;4wkg6h ( lnhpjky y ejmnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half th9w . vtqvw;9cqat of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational tq9vqcw.v w;9 acceleration at the surface of the planet is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit with a con:vk:r ;k .va* l:y)8rwuben zn3 5yhaastant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude ofk*h rnz;ua v:5rwn :):lv3k8aab.ey y the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by Planet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass one-halfpc--; s a0 ; buzwkc.+afs;gbo the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately;ba .c+0gfbucaw -s zkps; -o; how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial su(hxa.d 2x8htd frw. 6atellites, 1 and 2, are put into circular orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period.u h6trhx(ax d f8wd.2 of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circulardkjn :q ;b2grp29a s,g orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers u */cik g,wr khi6rw9b)5hd:smzz4m;to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shhmr5ibw:hm4 )zwkic*uk,;/6 rszg 9 d ape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit apej(6b cbh:* iround the sun. As the comet moves from aphelion (the point on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit *h( b ei6jcbp:closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star systemx5,q)uou nk4r shown, the two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M),nuor4u5xq k is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital radius R aroundsj+0/ .f1cl9srb te;ri bs)uc gx-2ag a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is b+; i a1rr)f9cjtx ce lbsg.-s2g0su/

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