Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweeping out equal ar :a:ky+ 3+l eplcxobj-0w0gqg g;0tfweas in equal time” can be derived most directly from which conservatio+wgcl3 ;j x-ebko p +:0t0ag0fl :wqygn law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solax5m0 8wse f99c1ovn ttr system follow elliptical orbits with the Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement is best summarized by whin 89tomfw s5ex1cv0t9ch one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to /d n;zt0q lie1the force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the qn/i;dt 1l0ezdistance between their centers is doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract each other with a gy3khiw,zekouj-8vbf 61 ir ;9ravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance between them i -1jebu9oki 8k,v wyihrz 3;6fs doubled?

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14.27: Two spherical, non-rotating planetlhs6l7:oatgj nu1** z s, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X*ogah176 t nlls:*uzj has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let $g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have6;3ciek8 eun; r5 rfwk the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the rre;;6 8eun5rw cikfk3adius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calculated if it is orbited by a small satel3 b(he1tikj2asp5fq1 lite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Whihkj 2e if5q3s(pabt 11ch of the following would NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attracts Jkc6zeh+ 6s*za ftik7,*xvt- vohn Glenn with a gravitational force F at the su6* +f,zv k-6*sak thitev7cx zrface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitational force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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14.30: Considering only the Moon-Eart-46w,r ck, .zihgs gx,.ixlqah system (ignore any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresses the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration c-z.a qgh,g6 ix.wxi r4,k,lsabout the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the earth with a cargo for the intmop4m0ya* bv 9n6xf*oxl-a0pernational space station, which of the following 6xo vx4ym9pn-blaf00pao*m *graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surfacz3t fz.wg mz e3 izxi9tr0uh2a6u+/a +e of the Moon experiences the same gravitational force as a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the +z3ewuz.ru/z6g9hmtft 0x +aii2 a3zfollowing would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and a weight, W, at the surfacy0gjb7gm/y ;ge of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of theb/7; g myj0ggy following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Moon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypotheticalgyl b.q900zuwv :rf1k planet has seven times the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. The magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of tq.y lz10rgu0:b9wk fvhis planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has a radius one-half that of Earth and a masve2 +el/eml,e2ud;av s one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planet is medu avllm;2+eev ,e /2ost nearly

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X9v)j( f )hxief in a circular orbit with a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the s9x) ) h(feifvjatellite by Planet X?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

94.34: A hypothetical p- qdr lt8)nr3;)srrrz-od5tvlanet orbits a star with mass one-half the mass of our sun. The planet’s orbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take fl nd o-r-qvtt);sz 5r )d3rr8ror the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circuyia 4oo3zntgx ;pz* 8ipt,b,7lar orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satellite 1 is T, what is the period of satellite,*;,oxzt 3piyaib pgztn4 7o 8 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbitk8wcev)yt;cfwckx. zfdj 5g/ .zh2). around the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

98.33: In the following problem, the wj30;va0wv ;folp kci m58l5pkord “weight” refers to the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, va;8 lkpi3f5lvm p 50j0o kcw;but not change shape,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the suxnmel4j7yvxq, u(. (c7.q acg n. As the comet moves from aphelion (the .7j7.mlv(x ,q c (4y ngeacuxqpoint on the orbit farthest from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

17.48: In the binary star system shown, the two stars follo* 0pahjqpr 7 paq13h6rw circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stars are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices repr0h 6q1p3apph7jq *rraesents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with speed vand orbital +e-ztk:t50z sl wtc 4(gk az0zradius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and g4 tz00-lsza+ :ct(wke5ztkz the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of the semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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