Gravity and Planetary Motion - 无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (5edu.win)

?作业考试练习?美国物理杯赛(Physics Bowl)?Gravity and Planetary Motion

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习题练习：Gravity and Planetary Motion

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作者: admin 发布日期: 2025-09-14 23:04 总分: 22分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 24年08月17日 16:00 切换到: 整卷模式

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08.19: Kepler’s Second Law about “sweep) 4p / t uuw4ixnepk-sz0tj0ku85/cdging out equal areas in equal time” can be derived most direc5ugnj suz-84)k4exp cti 0pd wukt/0/tly from which conservation law?

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16.17:“All planets in the solar system follow elliptical orbits with t jy,s1vwe f+6vi,5vmdhe Sun located at one focus of the ellipse.” This statement i+vvjfse1 wmy ,65vdi ,s best summarized by which one of the following choices?

A. Kepler’s First Law

B. Kepler’s Second Law

C. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

D. Einstein’s Law of Gravity

E. Schwarzchild’s Law of Orbits

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99.21: What happens to b)7ewsjmy 0ru)pz /x t.tjblob1x 3 4/the force of gravitational attraction between two small objects if the mass of each object is doubled and the distance between their centers 7je pjx0swb))mtol tu1 x b.zb/3/4yris doubled?

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95.09 Two spherical bodies attract eac6w 0thoq4 tc:ch other with a gravitational force of 4.0 N. What will be the force if the distance between them is doublec6h4:cto q0 twd?

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14.27: Two spherical, nxcuu:5 i(pg- n bs9qh76cd4 n +bwqr-dv./a cion-rotating planets, X andY, have the same uniform density. Planet X has twice the radius of Planet Y. Let ixbqd7(5cnu4 iw -9 vgb 6cu- :cr/dqpasn+.h$g_x$ and $g_y$ represent the accelerations due to gravity at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $g_x:g_y$?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

16.46 Two spherical, non-rotating planets, X and Y, have the sau6cbe)f,ug(((el :cgpi2gh kd *9i mime uniform density. Planet X has twice pei2um:kcuc ebh6g( i9,g(*lf )d(igthe radius of Planet Y. Let $v_x$ and $v_y$ represent the escape speed at the surfaces of Planet X and Planet Y, respectively. What is the ratio of $v_x:v_y$?

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01.16: The mass of a planet can be calc:9fsb9 er5hg*ua(y pbulated if it is orbited by a small satellite by setting the gravitational force on the satellite equal to the centripetal force on the satellite. Which of the following w:hfby 9 era(g 9pb*5suould NOT be required in this calculation?

A. the mass of the satellite

B. the radius of the satellite's orbit

C. the period of the satellite's orbit

D. Newton's universal gravitational constant

E. all of the above are required for this calculation

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99.11: Assume that the Earth attraldta.yd 0fcrk v0 e8fcxw 26+-cts John Glenn with a gravitational force F at the surface of the Earth. When he made his famous second flight in orbit, the gravitationalffxc addv0cwr0-8ek+ l .t62y force on John Glenn while he was in orbit was closest to which of the following?

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

14.30: Considering only the Moon-Earth system (ignorwv4l m. x8y:bce any influence of the Sun), which one of the following best expresseb4l cxwymv.:8s the magnitude of the Moon’s acceleration about the Earth?

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10#

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02.19: As a rocket blasts away from the eartqcgqnr2dxs,w7 :he03 qa(w9 yh with a cargo for the international space station, which of the followi9r327nag : yq0 ,hxqcs(wqdewng graphs would best represent the gravitational force on the cargo versus distance from the surface of the Earth?

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

99.33: One object at the surface of the Moon experiences the same gravitationao*y-() u lyesbpp qu*:xy b2 o.wt3ot8l force ayb 3ep28)ty ou- *sou*(xblw:o tq yp.s a second object at the surface of the Earth. Which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

A. both objects would fall at the same acceleration

B. the object on the Moon has the greater mass

C. the object on the Earth has the greater mass

D. both objects have identical masses

E. the object on Earth has a greater mass but the Earth has a greater rate of rotation.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

00.24 Consider an object that has a mass, m, and - zu69qfjx9y ga weight, W, at the surface of the moon. If we assume the moon has a nearly uniform density, which of the following would be closest to the object’s mass and weight at a distance halfway between Mxfg-699 ujzqyoon’s center and its surface?

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13#

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96.23: A hypothetical planet has seven timek( w+:fd7a(0k,uxvni; +wcn c*brg oos the mass of Earth and twice the radius of Earth. n no cbkk +ox+7;v,dw(0:a irg*uc(wfThe magnitude of the gravitational acceleration at the surface of this planet is most nearly:

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14#

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98.24: A planet has ac b3xr+7wgheng:9mc/xv;g t 5 radius one-half that of Earth and a mass one-fifth the Earth’s mass. The gravitational acceleration at the surface of the planw9+nc;rm7gghx /35e t bv cx:get is most nearly

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15#

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08.38: Akg 1200 satellite orbits Planet X in a circular orbit pxl.:e0jri p11*j*qpcpil ,iwith a constant speed of 5,000m/s. The radius of orbit is 7,500,000 m. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted on the satellite by P 1p*elq*j:,c0i lxi1 .jprpiplanet X?

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16#

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94.34: A hypothetical planet orbits a star with mass one-half tdu; , kf/jre.y yze89the mass of our sun. The planet’s o8j;f,y9 tdz uy/rek. erbital radius is the same as the Earth’s. Approximately how many Earth years does it take for the planet to complete one orbit?

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17#

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97.12: Two artificial satellites, 1 and 2, are put into circug zei6o g8f*g:r,m 7bvlar orbit at the same altitude above Earth’s surface. The mass of satellite 2 is twice the mass of satellite 1. If the period of satelli:m gz*g 7e6i8fv,b rogte 1 is T, what is the period of satellite 2?

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18#

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15.22 Satellite 1 makes a circular orbit arounentz s.4i1r4z d the Earth with a radius $r_1= R$. Satellite 2 makes a circular orbit around the Earth with a radius $r_2= 2R$. We let v represent the speed of a satellite and a represent the magnitude of a satellite’s acceleration. Which one of the following choices gives the correct relation between the speeds and accelerations of the satellites?

A. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

B. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{4}a_1$

C. $v_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

D. $v_2=\frac{1}{2}v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

E. $v_2=v_1,a_2=\frac{1}{2}a_1$

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19#

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98.33: In the following problem, the word “weight” refers toum nu fb2)8j.(zo-ncq u)1cigh1oy 4r the force a scale registers. If the Earth were to stop rotating, but not change shape( nu1mor oizu4 )g)h.cb jc8nq- 1yf2u,

A. the weight of an object at the equator would increase.

B. the weight of an object at the equator would decrease.

C. the weight of an object at the north pole would increase.

D. the weight of an object at the north pole would decrease.

E. all objects on Earth would become weightless.

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20#

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10.42: A comet moves in an elliptical orbit around the sun. As the comet moves fmenpf cu+v+3mno+n la1 (0iw4rom aphelion (the point on the orbit farthes+cwonem nm+ a1pn3+f40vl u(it from the sun) to perihelion (the point on the orbit closest to the sun), which of the following results is true?

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21#

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17.48: In the binary star system shown, th/n 2+ ton+ycpm)6uz pfe two stars follow circular orbits about the system’s center of mass. The stat+nnu+)y m6zp cf/po2rs are separated by a distance D that is large compared to their size and are subject only to their mutual gravitational attraction. The orbital period of the star of mass M is T. Which one of the following choices represents the total mass of the binary star system?

A. $\frac{π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

B. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

C. $\frac{4π^{2}D^{3}}{GT^{2}}$

D. $\frac{16π^{2}D^{3}}{5GT^{2}}$

E. $\frac{25π^{2}D^{3}}{4GT^{2}}$

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22#

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06.50: A rocket is in a circular orbit with sp 32 q 6prbwcs5(-im mu*y3cfsseed vand orbital radius R around a heavy stationary mass. An external impulse is quickly applied to the rocket directly opposite to the velocity and the rocket’s speed is slowed to v/2, putting the rocket into an elliptical orbit. In terms of R, the size of tmq5(fs* p cu63-yw3 cmss 2brihe semi-major axis a of this new elliptical orbit is

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