Which of Newton's laws best explai*5uhv1y;q y1t)on,qb wi cj g.ns why motorists should buckle-up?

  When you sit on a chair, the resultant force hduj((cfubxc hb 66y 8c(o 5w,on you is

  In the absence of an external force, a moving obje4rvpyknu b 2oan2nc,21 lf i()ct will

  When the rocket engines on the starship Nb73gku3 k4xr onta9m (n6jb+uO-PAIN-NO-GAIN are suddenly turned off, while traveling inba k 7k(3tjubr xo39+nmg nu46 empty space, the starship will

  A rocket moves through empty space in a straight line with cz q :c4lbws9j-onstant speed. It is far from the gravitational effect of any star or planet. Under these conditions, the force that must be applied to the roc-s9cjlz:wbq 4ket in order to sustain its motion is

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, andhve n25w7iw smj :xf1; you suddenly fall forward. You can imply from this that j wnwi7vh:ex2;m51fs the bus's

  You are standing in a moving bus, facing forward, and you suddenly falxm36 sdngqz/, nuww)af3q0c 1l forward as the bus comes to an immediate stop. )d0q3su1wg6/wfxcq3m ,n n zaWhat force caused you to fall forward?

  A constant net force acts on an object. Describe the motion of the objectv4t;jftre /1x.

  The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to 2h kw j mt2hwj*1w;*+wyq,twc

  A net force F accelerates a mass m with an +asxc9d)i cr 3);fyc pacceleration a. If the same net force is apc +p) ca )cdfs;9yrix3plied to mass 2m, then the acceleration will be

  A net force F acts on a mastob7*a+;f pkqo; uhi :*am 1yss m and produces an acceleration a. What acceleration results im;ybo:a;7 f*tq a1i sh*ukpo+f a net force 2F acts on mass 4m?

  If you blow up a balloon, and then release it, the balloon will fly away. Thxab4x0 59gt qg5tgey- is is an i59gtg g tb05-ax4yeqx llustration of

  Two cars collide head-on. At every moment during theo6 2nc7 w 3v( nk,f. sg*l+(dp ha1ea(asexuaa collision, the magnitude of the force the first car exerts on the second is exactly ef(u3kn*aacl+ago (,es(sw 7e1p 6dv ahx2.naqual to the magnitude of the force the second car exerts on the first. This is an example of

  If you exert a force F on an object, the force which the object exerts 7u 12)1wqw:cddkb5uf ;lnufr on you widq:5;w uckwu1ffblr 2 d 7u1n)ll

  Action-reaction forcekc.,bi- )2 )wgr b3xv sqbzom/s

  Action-reaction forces a qxa)osk hb+9,re

  A 20-ton truck collides with a 1500-lb car and causegk/nq f1bs2i /s a lot of damage to the car. Since a lot of damage is done on thk2/q bg1 /sifne car

  An object of mass m sits on a flat table. The Earth pulls on this obkgy-l jyx0zg:tl wp6whm4 (;4ject with force mg, which we will call the action force. What is the regjpw 4z t;lgw60xm hl4 y(:y-kaction force?

  A child's toy is suspended from the ceib3 .9n m+sb3y8 k-gvptzqo fj(ling by means of a string. The Earth pulls downward on the toy with its weight force of 8.0 N. If this is the "action force," gs( o3kybtfqn+v9bj . pm- 8z3what is the "reaction force"?

  Your bat hits the ball pitched to y. ;jt t-a3s-fqm kdty6ou with a 1500-N instantaneous force. The ball hits the bat with an instantaneous force, whose magnitude t--.m yt6dkat sf3;jqis

State Newton's three laws 7mse, p7 vbuw)5s*kjedc 0hvk( lqwyr29/yo+.

  Mass and weight

  The acceleration due to gravity is lower on thevml uaogm o5fu*b1+8 8 (etdw5 Moon than on Earth. Which of th8 +m1m(o5g*daoewbu ul f5vt8e following is true about the mass and weight of an astronaut on the Moon's surface, compared to Earth?

  An example of a force which actsg+93ll);h hrovhqs 8m at a distance is

  Who has a greater weight to mass ratio, a pe gf03djai(khz 2 t1(harson weighing 400 N or a person weighing 600 fkjai(h tzd 13hga0(2 N?

  A stone is thrown straight up. At the top of its path, the net for*0giz tt5aq* 3ghkjh+ce acting on it jt** khi 0g53+qthzgais

  A 20-N weight and a 5.0-N weight are droppi 8zpr.;xwabm3 0 jem3ed simultaneously from the same height. Ignore air rem08.b3;mr pa ze ij3wxsistance. Compare their accelerations.

  A brick and a feather fall to the earth at their respd /a 1feu ggwtj.r((:h/ld m5dective terminal velocities. Whif(g5eldua/t w1 /rgdd(j:hm.ch object experiences the greater force of air friction?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string from the ceiling of an elev88bmi gj8b8ljator. The elevator is moving up at constantj b8lm888b jig speed. What is the tension in the string?

  An object of mass m is hanging by a string froan7- 7ghlob-v m the ceiling of an elevator. The elevator is moving upg7-ol a-7vhbn ward, but slowing down. What is the tension in the string?

  The force that keeps you from sliding on an icy siderq e;moj((v 2m;g3 czzwalk is

  It's more difficult to start movi ohgasp;rc4h r ;u,lz mq( .dr9ir3a2*ng a heavy carton from rest than it is to keep pushing it with constant velociq,aum;. ;c *2lsor4r hzrdp 3g 9ri(ahty, because

  A horizontal force accelerates a box from rest acroa86fn0) rxof/ yexrk. ss a horizontal surface (friction is present) at a constant rate. The experiment is repeated, and all conditions remain the same with the exception that the horizfaex .kf6r)/y rxn08oontal force is doubled. What happens to the box's acceleration?

  A packing crate slides down an inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thu90yl2xio t*u xs we can deduce t9 yxi t*ux2ol0hat

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q with ;jtu2/k eipq/p b1rb2the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted bybp2i btp1k ejq/u r/;2 the plane on the block is

  A block of mass M slides down a frictio f:az1cxa 1,zm( brlni h/4b*dnless plane inclined at an angle q with the horizontal. The normal reaction force exerted by the plane on the block is dirizm adh 4z1:nxb,1a/lr (*bfcected

  A block of mass M slides down a frictionless plane inclined at an angle q u-pl:w)c 4ekiwith the horizontal. The gravitational force is directe ue kl:4c-pw)id

  Two toy cars (16 kg andubt fc xh)a,/1 39hdai 2.0 kg) are released simultaneously on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 30e with the horizontal. Make a statement which best describes their acceleration aftai,d hcb ux3)th/a1f9er being released.

  An object sits on a frictionless surfao ,s;g gg7rqd-ce. A 16-N force is applied to the object, and it accelerates at ,7;gqr go-gds$2.0 \; m/s^2$. What is the mass of the object?

  A sports car of mass 1000 kg can accele55+ gpu jtizb5rate from rest to 27 m/s in 7.0 s. What is the average forwautg5p5 +bz5jird force on the car?

  Starting from rest, a 4.0-kg body reaches a speed ofp5gt,vdwb yfd,. f o2-f gt;;1 8nktdq 8.0 m/s in 2.0 s. What is the net force acting on the bod wk- ff.ggd 8;,o d5tfp2ydnt,bqt1v;y?

  An antitank weapon fires a 3.00-kg rocket which acquires olwj8j1 nn+/ka speed of 50.0 m/s after trl/k1 wn o8jn+javeling
90.0 cm down a launching tube. Assuming the rocket was accelerated uniformly, what is the average force acted on it?

  If you push a 4.0-kg mass with the same force that you push a 10-kg ma3dil7 iy0f. lbx);mgkss from rest x0gbd3;i m.yll)7fik,

  What is the mass of aw qix1 ui0x;q7lxh5 (m person who weighs 110 lb?

  What is the mass of an object that weighs 250 N on the surface of theh 4wguq yn/.w- Earth where the acceler./uq- wwnyhg4 ation due to gravity is $9.80 \; m/s^2$?

  An object has a mass of 60 kg on the Earth. What is the mas oiyf-y )e6n(ns of the object on the surface of th)f -neyn6iyo( e Moon where the acceleration due to gravity is only 1/6 of that on the Earth?

  Object A weighs 40 N on Ea+i hpay0 3 ij7fwlsd63rth, and object B weighs 40 N on the Moon. The Moon's gravity is one 7jp+is3yai6 l0h f3dwsixth of Earth's. Compare the masses of the objects.

  Sue and Sean are having a tug-of-war by pulling on opposite ends of a 5.jxz 2z4v,pkuz0 ;ui)kpm1- qv0-kg rope. Sue pz;v uvkupz-m 40qzjpx)1i k ,2ulls with a 15-N force. What is Sean's force if the rope accelerates toward Sue at $2.0 \; m/s^2$?

  A stack of books rests on a lqpmi5z zh +p(6evel frictionless surface. A force F acts on the stac+mzp6 pzi hq5(k, and it accelerates at $3.0 \; m/s^2$. A 1.0 kg book is then added to the stack. The same force is applied, and now the stack accelerates at $2.0 \; m/s^2$. What was the mass of the original stack?

  A person of weight 480 N stands on a s sfjko2d.bv r68;h(g9llxgb1 cale in an elevator. What will the scale be reaxrghl8 2o sv jbf.(1l ;kd69gbding when the elevator is accelerating downward at $4.00 \; m/s^2$?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the o4 k16r2;ym-roid4r mqzg 5xnmass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an acceleratm4o n 1r;r5oi-qm4d6zr 2yxkgion of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kh*wn10knkwaa5 n1qj,g and the elevator accelerates upward with an accel0nw n a 1*akhkw51jq,neration of $4.90 \; m/s^2$, what is the reading on the scale?

  Two horizontal forces act on a 5.0-kg mass. One force hasj5hex y;kgkqf953+g ld r1o j 3o34uqq job5o/ a magnitude of 8.0 N and is directed due north.fr+ 5bkj5kgoxqe o qo3;oyj134h39d / lug5qj The second force toward the east has a magnitude of 6.0 N. What is the acceleration of the mass?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests onlw vm4rfs9)d: the flatbed of a truck. It is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is travelimswrl) vd 49f:ng 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping distance if the load is not to slide forward into the cab?

  An object of mass 6000 kg rests on the flatbed of a truck. It x*aq og/c /mk+is held in place by metal brackets that can exert a maximum horizontal force of 9000 N. When the truck is traveling 15 m/s, what is the minimum stopping time if the load is not to slide forward into togm cqa //+xk*he cab?

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 wz;dxianr 6. 2w0stl9kg and m = 0.40 kg, what is the magnitude of the acceleration of the system? (Ignore friction and thenl wr d.29;wxi 6tz0sa mass of the pulley.)

  In the Atwood machine shown in Fig. 4-1, if M = 0.60 kg and m = 0.40 kg+2ghkyksd, u :w ll+l2, what is the tension in the string? (I ylk dl: sl+hkwg,2u2+gnore friction and the mass of the pulley.)

  A student pulls a box of bog+5sb:e s ui2/l-*+qh, iqjidmp,d vboks on a smooth horizontal floor with a force of 100 N in a directib uiv5d+:m2+ i * pq ,dse-s,bqhijl/gon of $37^{\circ}$ above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the acceleration of the box?

  A student pulls a box of books on a smooth horizontal floor withr 1ytyz*(va bws c1:cgfdvg)v (u22h( a force of 100 N in a direction of 3f(gt((dy1 :y v1* uvwaz) s22ccgvrbh 7.0e above the horizontal. If the mass of the box and the books is 40.0 kg, what is the normal force on the box?

  A traffic light of weight 100 N is supported by two ropes x,4wm vk,ils-,hg i1d as shown in Fig. 4-2. What are the ten,m h4iwsil1 -g,vk, xdsions in the ropes?

  In Fig. 4-2, if the teijbjw6qfci 6a.j2we15 y :cxes21,bknsions in the ropes are 50 N, what is the mass of the traffic lfkeqj c, x 1bsj5jii21yb6 :w2e6 wa.cight?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are ic:un a9g5a;vo-l d sg5n contact with each other on a frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.a:5g voaud lg ;5snc9-) What is the acceleration of the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are in contact with each other on x v12tliz0b1la frictionless surface. (See Fig. 4-3.) Wha2ib1 tlxz0 1lvt is the net force on the more massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2mf i( hvyio7fxg )cu8j1:w l*i. are connected by a rope. (See Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the tension in the con(iuj i7f8*lg vf x1: i)woc.hynecting rope?

  Two boxes of masses m and 2m are connected by a rope. (See4v (tfuo unbf)g.2:a d Fig. 4-4.) If the forward force on the more massive box is F, what is the acceleration ) nuvt:a b(42udfg.of of the less massive box?

Two boxes are connected by a cord running over adxsfl)kna/sd3 1e8mry: y .j 1 pulley as shown in Fig. 4-5. Box I of mass j x3r8mfey 1. )ls:adsnyk1d/
8.0 kg rest on the top of the table; the coefficient of kinetic friction between box I and the table is 0.10. Box II has a mass of 15.0 kg.
(a) Draw the free-body diagrams for the two boxes, identifying all of the forces acting on each of the masses.
(b) Calculate the acceleration of the system.
(c) Calculate the tension in the cord.

  The coefficient of static and kinetic frictions bt06wvd8 x,: 6bty zdzqetween a 3.0-kg box and a desk are 0.40 and 0.30, respectively. What is the nezbv6d w t0d6y8 :t,zqxt force on the box when a 15 N horizontal force is applied to the box?

  The coefficients of static and kinetic fr-nkc rt)s ,b.7 v;y eojbn7t/iictions for plastic on wood are 0.50 and 0.40,t7b,cr7iyk s/)-nj; o. ve tbn
respectively. How much horizontal force would you need to apply to a 3.0 N plastic calculator to start it moving from rest?

  An object slides on a level surface in the +x direction. It slowfki/34ubqvy wi )h6v :s and comes to a stop wbyvfh46 ki3):wu vq/iith a constant acceleration of -$2.45 \; m/s^2$. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the object and the floor?

  A 10-kg box sitting on a horizontal235mnt xkb p lg)g5c8r surface is pulled by a 5.0-N force. A 3.0-N friction force retards the motion. What is the acceleration of the objectc5m5 rnl8 ggxtk3)2pb ?

  A horizontal force of 5.0 N accelerates -wq3hfgujv -5q: ;v2,aqe8+ zi w yvtga 4.0-kg mass, from rest, at a rate of $0.50 \; m/s^2$ in the positive direction. What friction force acts on the mass?

  During a hockey game, a puck is given an inifae ,-orapgf+ v r 9(+-mijv-ztial speed of 10 m/s. It slides 50 m on the ice before it stops. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck anej f(a vam--+zoigv-9p +f r,rd the ice?

  During the investigation of aqphwb.o6 ml;: traffic accident, police find skid marks 90.0 m long. They determine the coefficient of friction between the car's tires and the roadway to be 0.500 for the prevailing conditions. Estimate the speed of the car when the brakes were appliemwbpqlh 6: ;.od.

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. d jwpzk p8fefg)/(*pr1uv 7 1x (See Fig. 4-6.) The surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive z*1kjfpve)p/f( 8 xgw7pd1 u rbox, what is the static friction force on the less massive box?

  Two boxes of masses m and 3m are stacked. (See Fig. 4-6.) Thud8fv+v3;3pjoh z g w*e surface between the more massive box and the horizontal surface is smooth and the surface between the boxes is rough. If the less massive box does not slide on the more massive box, what is the coefficient of stahdp+ zgwf33;vjuv8o * tic friction between the boxes?

  An object is on a frictionless inclined plane. The plane is inclined t/o-vubhoiko g53mum- *,:go at an angle * ,:uh 3vbg/-oti-ko oomgm 5uof $30^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. What is the object's acceleration?

  A 10-kg mass slides down a flat f cdn n sb ):pp).uzh.r j(lx3hf;,3thhill that makes an angle of $10^{\circ}$ with the horizontal. If friction is negligible, what is the resultant force on the sled?

  A mass is placed on a smoo/7 l-lbix0zrjw: ,f e7,rmbs vth inclined plane with an angle of $37^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. If the inclined plane is 5.0-m long, how long does it take for the mass to reach the bottom of the inclined plane after it is released from rest?

A block lies on a smooth i)y26hl4 neu/wkc2xla . 0os jinclined plane tilted at an angle of $35^{\circ}$ to the horizontal.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the block.
(b) Determine the block's acceleration as it slides down the inclined plane.
(c) If the block started from rest 8.5 m up the incline from its base, determine the block's speed when it reaches the bottom of the incline.
(d) How long did it take the block to reach the bottom of the inclined plane?

  A wooden block slides directly down an lah:krg s3jrh ,z;l7* inclined plane, at a constant velocity of 6.0 m j73azlg;,r *hhksr :l/s.
What is the coefficient of kinetic friction, if the plane makes an angle of $25^{\circ}$ with the horizontal?

  An object with a mass m slides dodzlx .eom99snzu 967l wn a rough $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. What is the acceleration of the object?

  An object with a mass m slides down a rouu09 p :hebv3f2 8xmmakgh $37^{\circ}$ inclined plane where the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20. If the plane is 10 m long and the mass starts from rest, what will be its speed at the bottom of the plane?

  A bulldozer drags a log weighing 500 N g8/mpvg zihd0ro(r94bi)t x :p0e.bh along a rough surface. The cable attached to the log makes anho g g8(r)0p/bb zhdevir:4p t9mi0.x angle of $30.0^{\circ}$ with the ground. The coefficient of static friction between the log and the ground is 0.500. What minimum tension is required in the cable in order for the log to begin to move?

A 25.0-kg box is released from rest 8ft)3 othvtps2e-ho8zs j, af4:ta*a on a rough inclined plane tilted at an angle t82ooeas,sp* fht8at4htfv3 - )jz a: of $33.5^{\circ}$ to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the inclined plane is 0.200.
(a) Draw the free-body diagram for the box.
(b) Determine the force of kinetic friction acting on the box.
(c) Determine the acceleration of the box as it slides down the inclined plane.

  An object is placed on an inclined plane. p6dy(2w5m wdf cdm 8/+-x e;oe)dlgau The angle of incline is gradually increased until the object begins to slix m d(w6;muw g2dfcpo8 dele/+-ayd5 )de. The angle at which this occurs is q. What is the coefficient of static friction between the object and the plane?