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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于无忧得胜-网上国际课程 (https://5edu.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autoconfig.5edu.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autoconfig.5edu.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V :tr c,3- 4;ktp2:wfhddi jiiu graph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change -rbb:mu(ud xeg2(1 syin

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyna:, fu hwy1e(o6gvey;s mics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume with *t//5qxyvl vu3rveqovh- 6b3pt:q3f no change in its temperature. This prtx 3ypqu-/:3v 6 / 5vtqov frve*l3hbqocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this proces+u6myx/dmm 9 e, o0gsns, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the edm6ymmgo/ nx 0 9u+,esxternal mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed tobn jqh) mc 408vawp26y one-half its original volume during an isothermal prbmh4)a 8qjc 62pvnw0y ocess. The final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isother k hnk620 9yvg ox35zguk(f-ikmally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is kgokzkhfv5u (ny-gxk6i 3029 correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolati f*h vk d9;lqmc0j:.1j3msr0(d mh mzed environment. During the event, the gas exchangemk q0r9jm:z dc (mjm0f3;*d.vhshl i 1d no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, e1nxl.kxb -1y8wjn-z $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed qg,78q48v xmdwwonn ;to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic procegqd v ,4wnw7 ;moxn8q8ss. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of 0-+ ykwf5zn/o61rw du dfqy:lgas identical in all respects except that one contains y-+ / n fuy:1dwql6f5k0 rwodz$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in al2hs 0d *axf;xebs jx-:p sq-w+l respects except that one contains j:esw x+- 2 -fsx*bqhd a;px0s$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is anq ba ekzc:fwr*9y0;cc u-;n*f z mz.0b


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, ther*n q7o/sk6sdie is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamic k57 h3hlrej)p-4njfy0 pajs c.k9,uhs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. Txw*i. j v -k98zp.zhchhis pr ..j8*z kxcw -vzhi9hpocess is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy arvdhuzh 09g e++e transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the internal energy of the0ze d9+v+hhgu gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on th-44mxz -f jef)eva 6qee PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, therhlfq31. c 5kjsir1u/ze is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics, qmhl9;g ;)2x tbw* aaa rbfbo/; yz9;d$Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a eio9 wi81n. 1eno cwhvph,5x:;j2wmbrigid container that cannot expand as heat energy is addedi chn mwwph;i5e 12vx8 n,1 :ob9ewj.o to it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to ajykv)6 ft brj+bx99.q sample of ideal gas at constant volume. jqrbb9+ f x.kty9)jv6 As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamics)2 e0(i eg a(wur(jiauvhb9j:.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hotzh,l ga(,*rrl1gv qely+-w /5z 6wyka reservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold re-glwk. eb5n 5p ;7xkf*r5ijwuservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamic9gsuzykk;( w wkq0 tu9j,.1jes according to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hnj--n-u (u-*-dkpumwm6t tvhwj-4h eli; o2iere. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating onhle (m;t*uk4jdtuhw--jv2- -p -o n m-iiwn6u this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as :e 5 frdz/:e--/ohbj 1g nk)nz ),kowtcmdfa(the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot enf/jiw up8ti,xw: y37bgine is to be 100%, the heat sink mu7wit/xb f uij3yw,:p8st be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists pu gxt6( 2*hbwof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamicsv 5;v7a 1ad0 q4wawktk.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is definedtzhm-ya 6 k 6n9j,l04ufnr 5fl as the ratio of f-064jak6muynt nrzlh ,l9f5

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratio zb j-t,ys(w v)of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the wate/*c 5rf,-4vzosz(e c* +uezqzb bt(far

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the secoyimd7kbxhv+ .eaopl0vw)u -/u)-u r8nd law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices app-mlk7-)ued8/)hywura . o ipxvbuv+ 0lies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the secw wc7 rq7g v(pj3f em*x3.of+qond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads u/ p;p 1gxzhvv(s to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat isf6dsv7nc0o 4a(mh v-t0u ph7s removed from an ideal gas. What is the chfhtu0vsah(n6p 77 -sc m vo04dange in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed from a2hzw-u1ym v+n;-et epni+ ml 6n ideal gas. What is the work don-t wm+n2mulhpvei y16e-n+z ; e in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. Wq. w;bk3:c xlchat is the change in qbx: c k;3cw.linternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in comprwb3wblxos) kvu9(n t.u 3-s-b6xntz :essing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energyn(wo tulxtb.ss-3- 9n xk 6b)z :vwb3u of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is tqg a:;awnca :cqs1wg5s3a0 4wrf2bb ,he chcw4: ,aaq:w;r235cf0gsgq1b na abwsange in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the inti q1nv51a8gqternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the1 qvtn5 a8iq1g work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal enerh-aa-ss 31jmdgy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heatdjs1 a-shm- 3a exchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomlgatq980xkp k4k, j4oic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of e94l, xp4j0 8akokgktqnergy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy jg rnh- k6-r2ris remo2grhrjrkn 6--ved from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of watert76 gg: lf42s a 8puiot suw7+yham(h/ at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J v/gf :n5 40tgxdo/unabis58yin each cycle. What is the iu o5:n5x/y/vfstagnb d80 4g efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 830qtt6dwn3fkv t;j 6 r5 / pak3tt0yxpziug( 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform it3 x8(vw3ky65p tzndu k0r tjtap6 0t3i; /qfgn each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives +9wnnj.s p,y b150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhaust in yb9wj+n,s p. neach cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs *ys;mrm 4b ;t io*3swo64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate o;* ymo;w3sb4*m rist the efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42q4/jf d ;x7piux 4q)jud+ hsz6aa/ g6l kcal. Calculate the work done eac6/fq6 4 psad/ udg7)hi+4j zlaxjqu ;xh cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following c/hq/*tig 7v3 ,y m6oq*.rm mrfe/plmiharacteristics: combustion chamber temper. ht q/6fm l *mp*yi ivm/rg37q/om,erature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient kd6kzf;ol2;yengines built so far has the following characteristics: combustiko;dky ;f6 zl2on chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most effij(fquazc(y d i19ac 0)cient engines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperat9czqc(10jif( yd)a a uure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW omtb6;kirlihx( :2.v dul ez; s+53ovjf electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant ge x*,z:dllr)9jtdbo3 )yxkh5w nerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant us.l,rdg7r9 8jily )o sees $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine whh+ ns)z dbbyar / g)obe:+a9)40hdjeeich operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible fo7 6ar zo56yl/mr g9bkhr an engine operating between byk 6zo6r7lma/5r9hg $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of thzz;zk: g -5gxnc,q 5b+bgi sa3e cold reservoir if z 3 bsagnz5g;,xkb5gi - c+z:qthe temperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatingp+gyy0b,( ,ja ut3o gb between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing comvl9wh u+a v: hu)k/u1bpartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How ml+bawuu:h 9uv/h 1vk)uch work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment ovwlib )5 *6/ n+gpjg-n0thzd co8mf0j6fvr2at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is tog5wl nb*jfi8vd hg0z6n+-pf/crm 0o2 jt6v )he coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 23psf,o 83c ar;q0 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is copqa83r;,fs required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy8jd8la zs i ddc g02ufyut61 y:z47r*: zdcq0r when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in eq/sftm6 nh*0b/b)go p tnh7 1tntropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansiobe k/u-i),yssr3 c+dvj;uyy 3n and its entropy changes by3s kv+,)u-; rdcy iy3/jbsuye
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at et8 kroi9c.e ;$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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