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习题练习:Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics

 作者: admin   总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is ag+1+w nsityrc45yr-q n


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no c8lb;zu h 7b263x3 acl5bnm myhhange in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyn d:tt)-9uwf*9hh w gsjamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice vy/ls/x6e9ym 9- j 7 :y 6gl4rhdtdaubits original volume with no change in its temperature. tr // yy4 xyj 96al mlebsg-7vd6duh9:This process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During thydkoxn jrgw+s6 n1x2)v//0 oiis process, 6.0 J of ev gon0ksn2)i+/ry 16x d/xjownergy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its 5rx -wl) x7rggkjja:5original volume during an isothermal process. Thxr5a xg-kl: j5jw) 7rge final pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L. During l *z. ,ttli596a r8:bhuph ku7ogid c7this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external c9: aul8l*hho.iigz pu 6 bk r7d,t57tmechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in j sj4ka6cup4e 86raz6v(2ax (j+l 3qhzg 9irban isolated environment. During the event, the gas exchanged j4(ghe66ir9 b j8(36qzax+cp zaa v2j ur4klsno heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of ther hh2*xo*x,avpmodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas v,xkc-jd55 uu8x ub+iis compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The final pressure of the gakux5 8b -jcvxdui+,u 5s

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders ofcznd15q: a(0f r +qwyb gas identical in all respects except that one contains n f:+wqyqzcb(5 ar 0d1$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except uhi1g 24j9bss +jtti/ b08eerthat one containseibjh9b 0j2ut8tri +g14ss/ e $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the ;/n6rpaelx hm; cop (/PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric processm yt((zxy. dkl4 ms8oc xl,+j2, there is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody hp4znh25gqsqu c9* 5inamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressure as heat is added to it. ck)ur1x:f a y1This process : )x11kryfc auis

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at -vvba gjx26 2sconstant pressure. vv6 -jgb2asx2As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr4z) /isw hnv b86-sdogam is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, therxd m .vanmh2wh04:4doe is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamicsd)d8,g,fe vv phg; qi3i)+ hrl, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid contwd1bth ni/xu l7w(af((zi. -tainer that cannot expand as heat energy is added to it. Th((b-t(.ln iid fh1/t zxu w7awis process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant vfso71-,jtl1qja fr1d olume.sjftqradj f-1 17 1ol, As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynajqp ufu)igo3 5s (e6ig(r*t)fmics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a coldlmwkm0s6 81x y0-bwf s8cz0;6ea t bhv reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a 3e8+dg tdnb3 ul-r(qf hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according :.b;:zj vnq, wtjbp 8cto Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated heremya 6qgk2;og/jo ;5dk52x k dq. During one cycle, how much work is kgk/j2qo ;5d x;6oyq25gmka ddone by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined azczl:x6) bu/kg y i27pv(uz q0 zsd5w4s the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the hea8a*58 08m v jlmuom::lwazvxct sink must baum wl:vm lcx58v 0mjo8az:8*e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists iyutsyj 1 1owp ur+j(+ 2d(jm*of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second th mlc:,u5ws y.orqyo( -9 w2dlaw of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the rat0d k.f /4jmf mlvxg*g5io o./0*lg5x4 gjf dmkmvff

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pvc5e)6zd 1pdi dl iu(;ump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of tfp0p t0/*sx imhe water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thcr* 5j6mm*zvfbk y.i *ermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices appliesyc**vb k fzimjr 5*m6.?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of th6rnx-m p84nt(9o glv de second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics l42fd-5kqjcm keads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is remov1piyptewnas w,o; (a ,bd1k(:ed from an ideal gas. What is the1, sby(a:ntp,wawe1o ki p(;d change in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat is removed fro7eoahe+t )d1 7 o)epaam an ideal gas. What isa7dpe) +7t oh1oae)ae the work done in the process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isotheryua79ht.z 3ar c/ yq4lmal process is -400 J. What is the change inu4 cy/qtal 73azh9ry. internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the chang58w*xs p2ss9oc ia2zav * 3ynfe in internal energy of t85 92sws*23*yifz soana xcpv he gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process whilefs ;/z.dlz-d a0 ziv (s5het5z doing 25 J of work. What is the change/azzsds z5e;fd .v-(z0ih5tl in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 Jepk 71 gf1j;au. What is the workk1jugea7; p f1 done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the ih ch i:4wjow)*s dznm .jy9rnfnh 754,nternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat y m4no hchw.zh* sw)f9,n5:7nj4ijr dexchange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic jj,q. 9 - 7klxsfaxg4vgas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of eaxql 9fsg7,xv-4k. jj nergy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is coolzn5qv (fs 5.osed by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many m5 5qszfvn.( osoles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water ak-br c4e d*5oukx8x(p t $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 0ybyo *p+ja:lkbt 5/l7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the efficien +yjalp5*:/otlby0bkcy?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cb5o uvtpb85,fe5 6e lzycle. How much work does it evof5 6e,85plbbtz5uperform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an e7vs4j wxcj34yfficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it exhauw7xc3v sy4j4 jst in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle at((nh8aa caj0nd exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate nat a( 08ch(ajthe efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42*2r1n-r9/ -wzyfuxczprevoc s(k/4u(wi r6 i kcal. Calculate the work done each c6zi( 9r wfo / r/uyuzp2-s *cxw rve(-icnk1r4ycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characted hw n8.zg:p2c ;fw)4/bwus r*ecaj6eristics: combustion2 wpw s. w:8*4ezja)cdrfnecgub6 ; h/ chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginejwg2q 98sgvn 1hm .* y0owdye6w 09p xij;-kvas built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperati es omnw.jwj q2h190 dakg-6p*98vvxy;ywg0ure = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the0xv6 o:lc zr+gsx,1vm following characteristics: +xrxc v1 :6sol,g0 mzvcombustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pop97.- um x flzl,j6no5) bitqfwer. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric pf oab 2w)smokx(5; g7tower. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generateswcsb2.--d6 d t b5kniyzb27my 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effi1qcx. lslz4p5x +.- g) -hykmfg1ajtociency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoreticaz.5yedstsw1yg.0 1 mu l efficiency possible for an engine operating between. ts 0u5yyez1ms1.wdg $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the colfuyj rk7j) 75nfq35gud reservoir if the temperature of the hot reservoir ifyj j35 q7gfkur)7nu5s $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating between 3vqvj9f p, 5mh--ejtj$40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes h6qnmwh(n+z 6tej+7 a.g-fly zeat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cyczh6-(g7+ ze6y ta+fjnw. n qmlle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freeo*le,a.9z q gazing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient , zqgaeloa *.9of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of hez/-+ns: z(d gay2 llntat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. Hown/azsygtn:zl(+d 2-l much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change iym6c5nl.n ,yvm2 h .wdn entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change in entro ,lp2q7kv xux4xc* qdw 141wghpy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isot1zqj6 no7ee ;wcsbb brnw-+ )-hermal expansion and its entropy changes)j-w z; nn7bcwqbe r6 e1b+-os by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at :dwrrak6*h7)l. mes(b5mf / asixw 0g9vc9a v$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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总分:71分 及格:42.6分 时间:不限时
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